1) Identify the Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids.

2) Group the amino acids in terms of its Family (Biosynthesis/Degradation)

3) Trace the Urea Cycle

4) Identify the clinical disorders associated with defect/deficiency in amino acid metabolism, the enzyme involved (defective), and the metabolic process.

The answer is given below.

Step-by-step explanation

(1). Essential Amino acids :- Methione Tryptophan Lysine iso leucine Histide phenylalanine Theeonine Leucine valine. Nonessential amino acids ?-abnormal Alanine Arginine asparaginenotictim aspartic acid Cysteine glutamic acid glutamine glycine proline serine Tyrosine -2. Based on chemical similarities and only few starting compounds, all amino acids can be regarded as members of 5 families. 1. the glutamate family: - starting will alpha- ketoquitalate. 2. the aspartate family?- with the starting compound oxoacetate.

3 . the alanine -valine -leucine group . - pyruvate A. the serine -glycine group:- phosphoglycerate 5 . the family of aromatic amino acids : - phosphoendpyruvate and erythrose -y phosphate, an intermediate in the pentose phosphate path way. The biosynthesis of amino acids involves several biochemical pathways in which amino acids are' assembled from other precursors. The biosynthesis of amino acid is distinct from that involving lipids cor) carbohydrates because it includes the use of nitrogen CO 2+ NH3 mitochondria. ( 3 ) carbamoyl 2 ATP phosphate sunthake 50.5/213 3 ZADPTPI Aspartate N- acetyl carbamoyl citrulline glutamate phosphate Ornithine Argino AJP transcarba succinate mylase synthase ornithine & Ampappi succinate To bidrey break Arginase 2 Argino Succinate Arginine < fumarate

4. clinical disorder - Tyrosinemia Tyrosinemia is a genetic disorder characterized by disruption in the multistep process that breaks down the amino acid tyrosine, a buiding block of most proteins. - There are 3 types of tyrosinemia. Tyrosinemia type, the most severe form of this disorder, is characterized by signs and symptoms that begin in the first few months of life. Affected infants fail to gain weight and grow at the expected rate (failure to thrive ) due to poor food tolerance because high -protein foods lead to diarrhea and vomiting. Tyrosinemia type ll can affect the eyes, skin and mental development. Tyrosinemia typelll is the farest of the 3 types. The characteristic features of this type include intellectual disability, seizures, and periodic loss of balance and co-ordination. Enzymes are made from amino acids , and they are proteins. when an enzyme is formed, it is made by stringing together between 100 and 1000 amino acids in a very specific and unique orders. - So the defeciency in some aminoacid leads to the distrubing of the enzymes. For example, less amino acid leads to distrubance in the enzyme. Hence the enzyme looses its activity This distrub the metabolic process, And there for damages the body.

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