The Purnell model explains that decision-making and how we view the world and the environment around us is governed by our thinking traits, norms, values, behavior, and the unspoken manner in which we create these components (Gürsoy, M

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The Purnell model explains that decision-making and how we view the world and the environment around us is governed by our thinking traits, norms, values, behavior, and the unspoken manner in which we create these components (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020). Cultural competency is composed of four primary components. These components include cross-cultural skills, world views, knowledge of other cultural practices, attitudes toward cultural differences, and self-awareness about one’s cultural worldview (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020).

The Purnell model entailed twelve domains. These domains include communication, spirituality, workforce, heritage, family roles, organization, nutrition, bio-cultural ecology, high-risk behaviors, death rituals, pregnancy, healthcare practices, and healthcare professionals. Cultural competency in nursing is defined as the ability or the capacity of a health care provider to provide the best medical treatment to the patients while portraying a solid cultural understanding of their values, beliefs, and race (Purnell, 2021).  It involved being aware of the cultural variations and managing the patients accordingly (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020).

 Cultural competency is a concept that is highly required in the management of patients. It entails a nurse understanding the cultural background and providing care that is culturally sensitive (Purnell, 2021).   With the increased population of non-Americans in the United States today, it is of the essence for the nurse that each population is served well and their beliefs considered in the administration of treatment (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020). Purnell’s model provided the healthcare providers with different components that play a role in culture (Purnell, 2021).   The Purnell model provides domains that require cultural sensitivity, for example, family and pregnancy. It is evident that the health care providers today are not vast in the different cultures and may lack the specific skills to manage people from different backgrounds (Purnell, 2021).  This model acts as an excellent guide (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020).

Culturally competent communication is defined as speaking with knowledge and awareness about the many healthcare inequalities as well as understanding the different sociocultural variables which have a significant impact on the behaviors and the attitudes as well as the ability to effectively handle issues (Purnell, 2021).   Through interactions with other people, one can gain more cultural information and many culturally appropriate and successful actions. These include both verbal and non-verbal behaviors. Communication is therefore of the essence and plays a vital role in the acquisition and growth of cultural competency (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020).

There exist important guidelines that help in this process. one of the guidelines is being conscious and aware of your own culture before trying to get a grasp of another culture (Purnell, 2021).   This enables one to appreciate their own culture and consequentially allows them to appreciate and understand the culture of other people (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020). Another guideline is speaking in a clear and concise way and also in a way that is culturally appropriate. It is also of the essence for a nurse to try to understand everything a patient is communicating, for it is through regular communication that the different parts of culture are found (Purnell, 2021).   This can only be done when a nurse or a health care provider already fully understands different cultures. The healthcare provider should also be more attentive to nonverbal communication and be mindful of how the culture affects you (Gürsoy, M. Y & Tanr?verdi, 2020).