List and explain at least five advantages of domain-based environment over workgroup environment.

 List and explain at least five advantages of a domain-based environment over a workgroup environment.

• Domain

A domain is a logical grouping of computers or devices that are connected to the same or distinct types of networks. A centralized server handles each computer within a domain and administers it. A domain controller assigns unique domain names to these network domains, which are used to identify them. A domain controller serves as a server within a domain for the domain hosts, providing authentication services, domain names, and other services. Secure access, in which no other computer outside the domain can access the domain computers, is one of the most important features of using a domain.

A domain can be joined by adding a host computer over LAN, WAN, or VPN. A computer linked to a domain can access the files and resources of any other computer on the domain. The IP address can be used to identify network domains on the Internet. Two devices are considered to be in a shared network domain if they share a common component of their IP address. If two devices share the same IP address, such as 192.168.10.2 and 192.168.10.3, they are considered to be in the same network domain. Multiple sub-domains can exist within a domain. A router is a device that connects various networks and sub-domains.

For example, in an organization, we could want all computers to be able to share resources and have complete access to them. We also require some centralized control over the devices, which we can do by establishing a network domain and adding all of the required devices to it.

• Workgroup

A workgroup is a collection of self-contained computers that are linked by a network and can share common data, resources, and tasks. It functions similarly to a workgroup in that it can be used to partition or categorize a network. The key distinction is that it does not have centralized control over the workgroup's devices. It can be used to better manage a huge network by dividing it into workgroups.

Any server does not supply a workgroup name. In addition, assigning workgroup names is not reliant on any hardware components. In general, we assign workgroup names to devices, and they begin to function as a group.

A workgroup primarily uses a peer-to-peer networking approach, in which each computer is self-contained, with its own user account and permissions, RAM, and other resources.
Only machines from the same network can be part of a workgroup. A hub or a switch can be used to link these machines. It's simple to set up and configure, yet it's only useful for a few PCs. Most operating systems include applications for creating and maintaining workgroups. A workgroup is useful in small local area networks such as schools, universities, and buildings.

Step-by-step explanation

 Advantages of a domain-based environment over a workgroup environment.

1. DOMAIN-BASED network is far more difficult to set up for the average user in the short term, partly due to the more technical nature of server role promotion, but they may save administrative time in the long run if users learn how to use Active Directory's robust management features more effectively.
2. Any Workgroup Server can be promoted to the role of Domain Controller or Primary Domain Controller to construct and manage Domain Networks (PDC)
3. Primary Domain Controller servers have a more comprehensive and complex set of security and administrative properties than the simpler Workgroup Server.
4. For centralized user account management through the AD, each Domain must have at least one specified PDC Server within its Forest.
5. Domains and sub-Domains share a hierarchical directory of databases, security rules, and common security relationships.
6. From the AD Server itself, a PDC gives access to a centralized user account and workgroup account policy controlled by the Domain Administrator. AD Domains are generally recommended and most effectively used by larger organizations where collaborative computing between multiple workgroups must span multiple departmental servers with common sets of relational security policies in place because Domains use a hierarchy of parent-child relationships within a Domain Forest.