1) Explain the effect of deadweight and draught on turning circles and stopping distance

2) Explain the effect of speed and under keel clearance on turning circles and stopping distance

A vessel's deadweight is the actual amount of tones that it can transport when laden to the maximum allowable draught. This includes fuel, fresh water, gear supplies, catch, and crew members, among other things. Draft is critical in ensuring that the ship maintains a safe balance between the maximum load and the minimum load. Trim it describes how the ship's floating position changes in length direction, especially if the bow or aft of the ship is submerged deeper into the water than the rest of the ship. It is significant because the impact of the vessel's energy requirement the propulsion system when sailing makes it necessary. 

Step-by-step explanation

A vessel's deadweight is the actual amount of tones that it can transport when laden to the maximum allowable draught. This includes fuel, fresh water, gear supplies, catch, and crew members, among other things. Draft is critical in ensuring that the ship maintains a safe balance between the maximum load and the minimum load. Trim it describes how the ship's floating position changes in length direction, especially if the bow or aft of the ship is submerged deeper into the water than the rest of the ship. It is significant because the impact of the vessel's energy requirement the propulsion system when sailing makes it necessary. 
Speed has a crucial impact in a variety of environmental conditions, as well as in the economic factors affecting the vessel's operator. During ship management, the turning circle and stopping distance are critical for calculating the under-keel clearance of the vessel in order to avoid the ship from grounding. A safe under keel clearance allows the ship to manoeuvre more easily and prevents damage to the hull from occurring as a result of the hull impacting the ground. The distance between the chart datum and the bottom is known as the charted depth of water. It is important for the ship manager to understand how long it will take for a vessel to become halted in the water while approaching from a full forward position, as well as how far the vessel will move during a turn. When it comes to today's ships, turning circles and stopping distance speed trials provide vital information to those in charge of the controls.