question archive State ANY two users of accounting information and explain what financial and non- financial information these users can find useful in Annual Reports of the Public Limited Companies
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State ANY two users of accounting information and explain what financial and non- financial information these users can find useful in Annual Reports of the Public Limited Companies. Briefly justify your answer. Up to 250 words. (6 marks)
1A, there are two types of users in accounting information;1. Internal users 2. External users
Internal users are three types as Internal management, Employees & Partners, and External users are eight types as Investors,Lenders, Legal bodies, Customers, Suppliers,General Public, Government & Researchers.
Suppliers-: Suppliers will require financial statements in order to decide whether it is safe to extend credit to a company.They also analyze the non financail information and financial information.In the non financial information they analyze the environmental effects, Political situation and social reponsibilities.
The focus of any business decisions is usually profit and loss. How much will it cost us? What are the potential rewards? What's the risk of loss? However, there are also times when nonfinancial information is required for an investment decision.
* Does the company meet the requirements of current legislation on, say, handling harassment or workplace bullying? If new legislation is in the wings, will you still be in compliance?
* Does the company follow industry standards and best practices?
* Does the local community see it as a friend or a despoiler?
* Are relationships with clients and suppliers good?
Nonfinancial data is also important for internal decision making for suppliers. Cutting employee benefits and bonuses might improve your bottom line in the short term, but if it damages employee morale and loyalty, it'll hurt in the long run.
Suppliers have analyzed the financial reports such as profit & Loss account and balance sheet. They analyze the companies profit and goodwill, Both of the suppliers is paid the service to their client as on credit so they need to analyze the Clients profit and goodwill
Investors-: Investors will likely require financial statements to be provided Since they are the owners of the business and want to understand the performance of their investment.
A financial statement may be defined as financial data about the economic activities of a certain business organization. The essence of financial statement is to aid management in decision making about day to day operations and long-term plan to supply money in the business or who have other interest in the business. The ideal financial statement, therefore, is one that is relevant as far as problem-solving is concerned, since management decisions which the financial statements aim at aiding and facilitating are basically in the nature of solutions to problems. Unfortunately, some accounting system provides inadequate information either because inexperienced staff produced or analyzed such information or the staff strength is inadequate. In this, profit figures in such a situation are often distorted. So, the financial information must have some of the peculiar characteristics such as they must be relevant, accurate, understandable, uniform and consistent. The most significant financial statements that we should take into account when examining the entire business quality and make decisions for the future are: - income statement, statement of changes in owner's equity, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and ratio analysis. The investment decision relates to the decision made by the investors or the top-level management with respect to the number of funds to be deployed in the investment opportunities. Simply, selecting the type of assets in which the funds will be invested by the firm is termed as the investment decision. Investment decisions or analysis has to do with an efficient allocation of capital. It involves decision to commit the firm’s funds to the long-term assets. Such decisions are of considerable importance to the firm since they tend to determine its value size by influencing its growths, profitability, and risk. The investment decisions of a firm are generally known as the capital budgeting decision may be defined as the firm’s decision to invest its current funds most efficiently in the long-term assets is anticipation of an expected flow of benefits over a series of years. They are very essential because they influence the firm’s growth in the long-term, they affect the disk of the firm, they involve commitment large amount of funds, and they are irreversible or reversible at a substantial loss and so on.