question archive 16) A communication signal that is released from a cell into the circulatory system to act on a distant target is an: a) Autocrine signal b) Paracrine signal c) Endocrine signal 17) If you increase the distance a molecule has to diffuse, the rate of diffusion will: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Remain the same 18) The tissue type pictured below is: (1 point) a) Cartilage b) Connective tissue c) Avascular d) All of the above 19) Macrophages (1 point) a) Are small cells that secrete histamine b) Include T?cells and B?cells c) Produce melanin d) None of the above 20) Cells that resorb bone matrix are: (1 point) a) Osteoblasts b) Osteocytes c) Osteoids d) None of the above 21) Circumferential lamellae (1 point) a) form layers around a vascular channel b) form layers in small struts c) form layers around the surface of bone underneath the periosteum d) None of the above 22) Which of the following does not directly or indirectly require an energy source? a) Primary active transport b) Operation of the sodium?potassium pump c) The mechanism used by cells to produce a calcium ion gradient across the plasma membrane d) Facilitate diffusion of glucose across a plasma membrane e) Secondary active transport 23) Transitional epithelium is found in a) The urinary system b) The respiratory system c) The digestive system d) The reproductive system e) All of the above 24) The most abundant formed elements of blood are a) Plasma b) Erythrocytes c) Platelets d) Leukocytes e) Proteins 25) Which cells have a ruffled border and secrete hydrochloric acid? a) Chondrocytes b) Osteocytes c) Osteogenic cells d) Osteoblasts e) Osteoclasts 26) A condyloid joint a) Is a biaxial joint b) Includes the femur into the acetabulum of the pelvis c) Includes the radiocarpal joint of the wrist d) A & C e) A & B 27) Lap sutures a) Have straight no overlapping edges b) Have overlapping beveled edges c) Have interlocking lines that connect them d) None of the above 28) Range of motion is determined by: a) The structure of the articular surfaces b) The strength of ligaments and tendons c) The actions of muscles d) All of the above e) None of the above 29) An increase in the size of a body part or the organism is a
16) A communication signal that is released from a cell into the circulatory system to act on a distant target is an: a) Autocrine signal b) Paracrine signal c) Endocrine signal 17) If you increase the distance a molecule has to diffuse, the rate of diffusion will: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Remain the same 18) The tissue type pictured below is: (1 point) a) Cartilage b) Connective tissue c) Avascular d) All of the above 19) Macrophages (1 point) a) Are small cells that secrete histamine b) Include T?cells and B?cells c) Produce melanin d) None of the above 20) Cells that resorb bone matrix are: (1 point) a) Osteoblasts b) Osteocytes c) Osteoids d) None of the above 21) Circumferential lamellae (1 point) a) form layers around a vascular channel b) form layers in small struts c) form layers around the surface of bone underneath the periosteum d) None of the above 22) Which of the following does not directly or indirectly require an energy source? a) Primary active transport b) Operation of the sodium?potassium pump c) The mechanism used by cells to produce a calcium ion gradient across the plasma membrane d) Facilitate diffusion of glucose across a plasma membrane e) Secondary active transport 23) Transitional epithelium is found in a) The urinary system b) The respiratory system c) The digestive system d) The reproductive system e) All of the above 24) The most abundant formed elements of blood are a) Plasma b) Erythrocytes c) Platelets d) Leukocytes e) Proteins 25) Which cells have a ruffled border and secrete hydrochloric acid? a) Chondrocytes b) Osteocytes c) Osteogenic cells d) Osteoblasts e) Osteoclasts 26) A condyloid joint a) Is a biaxial joint b) Includes the femur into the acetabulum of the pelvis c) Includes the radiocarpal joint of the wrist d) A & C e) A & B 27) Lap sutures a) Have straight no overlapping edges b) Have overlapping beveled edges c) Have interlocking lines that connect them d) None of the above 28) Range of motion is determined by: a) The structure of the articular surfaces b) The strength of ligaments and tendons c) The actions of muscles d) All of the above e) None of the above 29) An increase in the size of a body part or the organism is a
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16) A communication signal that is released from a cell into the circulatory system to act on a distant target is an:
a) Autocrine signal
b) Paracrine signal
c) Endocrine signal
17) If you increase the distance a molecule has to diffuse, the rate of diffusion will:
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Remain the same
18) The tissue type pictured below is: (1 point)
a) Cartilage
b) Connective tissue
c) Avascular
d) All of the above
19) Macrophages (1 point)
a) Are small cells that secrete histamine
b) Include T?cells and B?cells
c) Produce melanin
d) None of the above
20) Cells that resorb bone matrix are: (1 point)
a) Osteoblasts
b) Osteocytes
c) Osteoids
d) None of the above
21) Circumferential lamellae (1 point)
a) form layers around a vascular channel
b) form layers in small struts
c) form layers around the surface of bone underneath the periosteum
d) None of the above
22) Which of the following does not directly or indirectly require an energy source?
a) Primary active transport
b) Operation of the sodium?potassium pump
c) The mechanism used by cells to produce a calcium ion gradient across the plasma membrane
d) Facilitate diffusion of glucose across a plasma membrane
e) Secondary active transport
23) Transitional epithelium is found in
a) The urinary system
b) The respiratory system
c) The digestive system
d) The reproductive system
e) All of the above
24) The most abundant formed elements of blood are
a) Plasma
b) Erythrocytes
c) Platelets
d) Leukocytes
e) Proteins
25) Which cells have a ruffled border and secrete hydrochloric acid?
a) Chondrocytes
b) Osteocytes
c) Osteogenic cells
d) Osteoblasts
e) Osteoclasts
26) A condyloid joint
a) Is a biaxial joint
b) Includes the femur into the acetabulum of the pelvis
c) Includes the radiocarpal joint of the wrist
d) A & C
e) A & B
27) Lap sutures
a) Have straight no overlapping edges
b) Have overlapping beveled edges
c) Have interlocking lines that connect them
d) None of the above
28) Range of motion is determined by:
a) The structure of the articular surfaces
b) The strength of ligaments and tendons
c) The actions of muscles
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
29) An increase in the size of a body part or the organism is
a. Usually accomplished by increasing the number of cells
b. Can be caused by an increase in the size of cells
c. Occurs because constructive activities occur at a faster rate than destructive ones
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
30) Negative feedback
a. Output increases the original stimulus
b. Output can shut off the original stimulus
c. Is exemplified by enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin at birth
d. None of the above
31) Lipids
a. Contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
b. Form essential cellular components and energy reserves
c. Include fatty acids and eicosanoids
d. All of the above
e. None of the above ab. A & B ac. B & C
32) The primary structure of a protein
a. Is an alpha helix
b. Is represented by a globular molecule
c. Is the chain and sequence of amino acids in the protein
d. None of the above
33) Desmosomes
a. Acts to distribute tension throughout the sheets of cells to prevent tearing
b. Form an impermeable junction that encircles the cell
c. Prevent molecules from passing through the extracellular matrix
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
34) Epithelial tissue can be classified
a. By shape of the cells
b. By size of the cells
c. By the number of layers
d. A & C ab. A & B ac. B & C
35) Connective tissue
a. Functions in binding and support, protection, insulation and transport
b. Is all avascular
c. Is largely composed of living cellular matrix
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
36) The anterior cruciate ligament normally prevents hyperextension of the knee.
a) True
b) False
37) The brachial plexus gives rise to all of the following nerves except:
a) The axillary nerve
b) The radial nerve
c) The obturator nerve
d) The median nerve
e) The ulnar nerve
38) The intercostal nerves between the ribs arise from which spinal nerve plexus?
a) Cervical
b) Brachial
c) Lumbar
d) Sacral
e) None of the Above
39) Damage to the nerve could result in defects of eye movement.
a) Optic
b) Vagus
c) Trigeminal
d) Facial
e) Abducens
40) Part of the limbic system involved in forming new memories is the:
a) Hippocampus
b) Amygdala
c) Hypothalamus
d) Pituitary Gland
e) None of the Above
41) Degeneration of the substantia nigra causes Alzheimer's disease.
a) True
b) False
42) The optic nerve controls movements of the eye. a) True
b) False
43) Muscarinic receptors bind a) Epinephrine
b) Norepinephrine
c) Acetylcholine
d) Cholinesterase
e) Neuropeptides
44) Which of the following does not result from sympathetic stimulation?
a) Dilation of the pupil
b) Acceleration of the heart
c) An increase in digestive secretion
d) Brochodilation
e) Piloerection
45) Stimuli for hot and cold are detected by
a) Free nerve endings
b) Proprioceptors
c) Meissners corpuscles
d) Pacinian corpuscles
e) Golgi tendon organs
46) The highest density of cone cells is found in:
a) The crista ampullaris
b) The optic disc
c) The fovea centralis
d) The macula lutea
e) None of the above
47) Which incorrectly pairs a glial cell type with an associated function?
a) Astocytes; formation of the blood?brain barrier
b) Microglia; performance of immune function in the central nervous system
c) Oligodendrocytes; formation of myelin sheath on axons in the peripheral nervous system
d) Ependymal cells; regulation of production of cerebrospinal fluid
e) Schwann cells; formation of myelin sheath on axons in the peripheral nervous system
48) Other sensations that influence taste are:
a) Smell
b) Pain
c) Temperature
d) Texture
e) All of the above
49) Olfactory Receptors
a) Can be classified based on specific smell
b) Cannot be classified based on smells
c) Belong to less than 100 different categories
d) None of the above
50) Photoreceptors
a) Are the only type of sensory receptor in the eye
b) Sense and encode light patterns
c) Respond only to bright light
d) Respond only to dim light
51) Cones specifically respond to three colors of light, these colors are:
a) Red, yellow and green
b) Green, yellow and blue
c) Blue, green and red
d) None of the above
52) Myopia can occur:
a) Because the eye is to short
b) Because the eye is to long
c) Because the cornea or lens is irregularly shaped
d) Because the retina becomes detached
e) None of the above
53) Nicotine easily crosses the blood?brain barrier.
a) True
b) False
54) The cranial nerve that functions in olfaction is:
a) Cranial Nerve I
b) Cranial Nerve VII
c) Cranial Nerve X
d) Cranial Nerve VIII
55) The biceps brachii is innervated by the:
a) Phrenic nerve
b) Musculocutaneous nerve
c) Radial Nerve
d) Femoral Nerve
