question archive Go to Individual Exercises at the end of Chapter 9

Go to Individual Exercises at the end of Chapter 9

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Go to Individual Exercises at the end of Chapter 9. Example 9 concludes that “the American people are opposed to the President’s health care reform legislation” (p. 190). Using the Four Tests for Evaluating Arguments found in Section 7.2 of the text, and keeping in mind all that you have learned from Chapters 7-9, evaluate the worthiness of Example 9, beginning with the Test of Logical Strength. Remember, if the argument fails a test, you do not need to go further. Give a detailed explanation in support of your evaluation. If the argument contains a fallacy, explain what you think the fallacy is.

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This is not a valid argument. I believe this argument has failed the test of relevance. In this case, the premises of the argument speak about the people's opinion on universal health care coverage, and how many people were worried about the cost of the health care and its quality. By evaluating these premises, it is easy to see that they have little to do with the conclusion made. According to the test of relevance, the truth of the claim has to depend on the truth of the reason. It is possible that the claim may be true but the reason is not. This is because the claim and the reasons have little to do with each other, other than they all pertain to the same topic (health care). I do think there is a fallacy in this argument. That is the Playing with Numbers Fallacy. This fallacy occurs when the argument provides statistics but does not provide sufficient information to make a good judgment about the significance of that numerical data. The argument does not provide who was surveyed. Therefore, is it not appropriate to assume that the data, used as reasons for the claim, represent all of the American people, or even a good portion of the American people.