What is the background of the dyslexia with brief history, signs and symptoms, causes and part of the nervous system that is being affected by the condition, diagnosis and management, and the recent status of the condition in the Philippines.

 

Background/history; Dyslexia was discovered in the 1800s or rater 130 years ago by a German professor and ophthalmologist called Rudolf Berlin. He had observed some problems with a reading by some of his students whereby they exhibited the characteristics of inability to comprehend, read properly, and pronounce among other symptoms as discussed there below. He the fore did some detailed research and traced back the origin to parents where he discovered that it might be inherited or as a result of other factors.

Step-by-step explanation

Background/history; Dyslexia was discovered in the 1800s or rater 130 years ago by a German professor and ophthalmologist called Rudolf Berlin. He had observed some problems with a reading by some of his students whereby they exhibited the characteristics of inability to comprehend, read properly, and pronounce among other symptoms as discussed there below. He the fore did some detailed research and traced back the origin to parents where he discovered that it might be inherited or as a result of other factors.

Sign/symptoms of dyslexia can be regrouped into various categories. In preschool age, they entail learning of new words slowly, late talking, and difficulty in remembering the word. At school age, they entail problems of understanding and processing what line hears, problem of seeing, difficult spelling, and reading below the required level. In adults and teens, they entail slow writing, the problem of summarizing a story, a problem in solving maths, and mispronunciation of words(Chen et al..,2016).

Causes of dyslexia can be attributed to hereditary factors of the gene carrying it. However, other factors can lead to it such as fetus exposure to nicotine, alcohol, drug, and infection. Premature birth, learning disabilities, and little birth weight are also causative agents.

The part of the nervous system that is affected is the cerebrum which transmits information to enhance reading and comprehension. It is there for altered the nerve impulses leading to the disorder.

Diagnosis of the disorder involves educational techniques such as; assisting a child to understand what he is reading, applying phonics using letters to make him understand, and allowing loud read with increased speed. An individual plan of education may be of help where the child is allowed to talk about his need for the problem in a program sponsored by legal obligation. Treatment may be the nest option if the basic diagnostic methods fail which can start from the right as early as it is detected. In adults, they can seek additional pieces of training in writing and reading

Management entails; overlearning to the children, shared reading between the parent and child, moments of silent learning and directly reading to the child to make the art of reading fun. For older children, programs of word processing can be applied as autocorrect and spell checkers thus creating a visual environment would be helping. In adults, one can use a multi-sensory approach to study as writing a mind map instead of writing a list to help make notes.

The current status of dyslexia is that it has been recently increasing and now it stands at 9.5% amongst other disabilities like ADHD and PDD.(Zuo et al..,2016)