What morphological features distinguish Neanderthals from most modern humans? For what environment(s) are these features adaptations? Why have modern humans living in the same or similar environment(s) not evolved the same adaptations?

Neanderthals features had a long, low skull compared to the more globular skull of modern humans with a characteristic of prominent brow ridge above their eyes. Their face was also distinctive. The central part of the face protruded forward and was dominated by a very big, wide nose. Likewise, the Neanderthals were well adapted to life in the cold northern latitudes. They evolved to have short distal limbs and broad bodies, ensuring that heat was maintained within their trunk. Thus, compared to modern humans, Neanderthals had a more robust build and proportionally shorter limbs. These features are often explained as adaptations to conserve heat in a cold climate, but may also be adaptations for sprinting in the warmer, forested landscape that Neanderthals often inhabited. Nonetheless, they had cold-specific adaptations, such as specialised body fat storage and an enlarged nose to warm air though the nose could have been caused by genetic drift.