PLEASE HELP!!!

1)How and why did Mecca become a major Arabian sanctuary? 

2)What role did Muhammad play in the emergence of Islam? 

3)How did the caliphate develop, and how did it employ Jihad? 

4)Following disagreements over who would succeed Muhammad in the 650s, the Islamic world split permanently into two denominations. What are they, and what was the original position of each on this issue? How can this division, and the hostilities which ensued between them, be seen as antithetical to the message of the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad? 

1)Mecca is the holiest site in Islam.It became a major Arabian sanctuary because it is the center of Muslim pilgrimage, one of the faith's Five Pillars.

It became Muhammad returned to Medina, after assigning Akib ibn Usaid as governor of the city. 

2)Muhammad played an important role in the Islam community.He established the religious, social, and political tenets with the Quran that became the foundation of Islam and the Muslim world.

3)The Caliphate began after the death of Muhammad in 632 CE.Jihad in Islamic means the struggle.After Muhammad, there were four Caliphs that followed.The Islamic world split into two denominations due to disagreements.

4)The Islamic world split into two:Sunni and Shia

The Shiites believed felt Muhammad's successor should be someone in his bloodline while Sunnites felt a pious individual who would follow the Prophet's customs was acceptable.

While some Shia disputed the canonical validity of the Uthmanic codex, the Shia Imams always rejected the idea of alteration of Qur'an's text.