question archive Answer the following 5 questions: 1)Uptake of calcium from the intestine is regulated most directly by
Answer the following 5 questions: 1)Uptake of calcium from the intestine is regulated most directly by
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Answer the following 5 questions:
1)Uptake of calcium from the intestine is regulated most directly by...
a. Cortisol
b. Thyroxine
c. Calcitonin
d. Parathyroid hormone
e. Vitamin D3
2) A woman goes to her doctor because she has been feeling depressed, developing large pads
of fat around her abdomen and shoulders, and having wounds that don't heal well. Her blood
is drawn and analyzed, and she is found to have very high plasma levels of both cortisol and
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The patient most likely has...
a. An adrenal tumor that hypersecretes cortisol
b. A pituitary tumor that hypersecretes ACTH
c. A hypothalamic tumor that hypersecretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
d. Hypothalamic damage that blocks secretion of CRH
e. Nothing wrong with her hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; her symptoms are caused by
some other problem
3) Which of the following is true of both steroid hormones and thyroid hormones?
a. They are synthesized from cholesterol.
b. They are secreted as soon as they are synthesized.
c. They are mostly bound to carrier proteins while circulating in the blood.
d. They usually enter target cells by simple diffusion across the plasma membrane.
e. All of the above.
4) By definition, hormones...
a. Are produced by cells specialized for hormone secretion
b. Circulate in the blood
c. Enter the cytoplasm of target cells
d. Act on target cells adjacent to the cells that secrete them
e. Are controlled by the nervous system
5) A man with very low iodine in his diet, but whose hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is
otherwise working normally, would be likely to have...
a. High thyroxine and high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels
b. Low thyroxine and low TSH levels
c. High thyroxine and low TSH levels
d. Low thyroxine and high TSH levels
e. All of the above
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1. e. Vitamin D3
2. b. A pituitary tumor that hypersecretes ACTH
3. c. They are mostly bound to carrier proteins while circulating in the blood.
4. a. Are produced by cells specialized for hormone secretion
5.d. Low thyroxine and high TSH levels
Step-by-step explanation
1. Vitamin D3 or just Vitamin D is hormone that promotes absorption of calcium in the small intestine.
2. What the patient has is probably Cushing's Disease which results from prolonged exposure to cortisol. In this case both ACTH and cortisol levels are elevated and thus this may indicate a central cause of the cortisol excess.
3. Both steroid and thyroid hormones require proteins to be transported in the blood
4. All the hormones in the body have specialized cells to produce them.
5. Since the patient has low iodine intake, there will be decreased production of the hormone, this will then be detected by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and order the body increase production of TSH in order to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroxine
