question archive a) The SD gene encodes a hormone that contributes to the height of rice plants
a) The SD gene encodes a hormone that contributes to the height of rice plants
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a) The SD gene encodes a hormone that contributes to the height of rice plants. Rice plants that have a tall phenotype (wild type) have an allele of the SD gene that encodes a leucine at amino acid number 266 of the protein (the whole protein is 379 amino acids long). In contrast, a rice plant which is semi-dwarf (a mutant) has a phenylalanine at amino acid number 266 of the protein.
Discuss briefly how this single amino acid change results in a changed phenotype of the rice plants.
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Leucine is an aliphatic amino acid while phenylalanine is an aromatic amino acid
This case is an example of a radical substitution in which an amino acid replaces an initial amino acid that has different physiochemical properties. This will have a great impact to the function of the protein since a different amino acid will disrupt the standard hydrophobic interactions between the usual amino acids responsible for the structure of the specific protein. It may result to a dysfunctional protein leading to a changed phenotype.
