Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used to create a barrier between healthcare workers and an infectious agent from the patient and to reduce the risk of transmitting micro-organisms from healthcare workers to patients. The choice of PPE should be based on a risk assessment of potential exposure to blood / body fluids / infectious agents. If used inappropriately PPE can increase the risk of transmitting infections and put people at risk of acquiring an infection.
Types of PPE:
- Disposable Gloves - Gloves should be worn when there may be exposure to blood, bodily fluids, secretions or excretions and when handling contaminated equipment. Gloves should also be worn when patients require transmission based precautions.
- Disposable Aprons / Gowns - Aprons / Gowns are designed to protect uniforms, clothing from moisture or soiling during direct patient care. In the majority of cases, plastic aprons will be appropriate for standard precautions.
- Eye protection / Visors - Eye and face protection must be worn when there is risk of splashing body fluids onto mucous membranes such as eyes or nose.
- Patient T, a 14-year-old male who has a major laceration in his arm caused by a tree branch
-Disposable Gloves, Disposable Apron/ Gowns, Surgical Mask, Eye protection / Visors
- Patient Y, a 64-year-old female with the flu
-Surgical Mask, Disposable Gloves, Eye protection / Visors
- Patient G, a 33-year-old female who is going into labor
-Disposable Gloves, Disposable Apron/ Gowns, Surgical Mask, Eye protection / Visors
- Patient T - PPE includes: gloves, apron/ gown, mask and eye visors due to possible splash of blood from the laceration since the arm wound is not yet dressed or surgically repaired
- Patient Y - PPE includes: mask, gloves and eye visors due to its droplet transmission. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs. Moreover, a person might get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.
- Patient G- PPE includes: gloves, apron/ gown, mask and eye visors due to possible splash of blood during childbirth. The nurse should be prepared for worse since childbirth entails various fluid such as blood and vaginal secretions.