1) Explain the concepts of nondisjunction and aneuploidy

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1) Explain the concepts of nondisjunction and aneuploidy. what are they, when do they occur, and what can be the impact?

2) The cells that start mitosis and meiosis are "parent" cells and the resulting cells are "daughter" cells. How do the genetics of the daughter cells compare to the genetics of the parent cells for both mitosis and meiosis?

3) Explain the phrase homologous pairs align independently. what is it referring to and what are the impacts of this alignment to the genetics of resulting daughter cells?

4) what is crossing over? when in Meiosis-I does it occur? why does it not occur in Meiosis-II? how does this relate to tetrads? what is the potential benefit of crossing over?

5) Explain 3 things that occur during processing of mRNA, and the benefit for doing each.

6) what does it mean to say that RNA polymerase is a directional enzyme? what are the direction rules?

7) How does interphase differ from interkinesis?