What are concepts? Concepts are highly subjective in nature and that makes it difficult to use them as they are in a research study

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What are concepts?

Concepts are highly subjective in nature and that makes it difficult to use them as they are in a research study. These subjective thoughts cannot be measured on a statistical scale. Kumar (2000) says that concepts are mental images and therefore their meanings vary markedly from individual to individual. Concepts are subjective impressions and their understanding will differ from person to person, which, if measured, would cause problems in comparing responses. Concepts should be converted into variables so that they can be measured, although on different scales same variable will have different precision.

If the researcher is using some concepts in his research he needs to find out some indicators that are reflective of these concepts. these indicators can be chosen subjectively by the researcher but they should have a logical link with the concept. The indicators can then be converted into variables.

What are variables?

Variables are measurable of course, with varying degree of accuracy. Measurability is the main difference between concepts and variables. A variable can be measured either using crude or refined method or either using subjective or objective methods. There are various scales and a variable can be measured on either one of those scales. The statistical variables can be measured on either nominal, ordinal, ratio or interval scale. This ability of the variables brings objectivity in the research findings.

A s variables are capable of measurement they can take different values and every variable can have different values. Generally speaking variables can be either independent variable or dependent variable. There can also be extraneous and intervening variables

 

Evaluation Research Studies: Variables (independent & dependent) for the following concepts. Please explain.

 

Athletic Performance

Sustainable Fashion

Endangered Species in Toronto

Employment Discrimination