9)An insertion of two nucleotides occur within an exon. Which of the following processes would be affected by this mutation?

a.replication

b.transcription

c.translation

d.both b and c

e.a, b, and c

 

5.The _______________ of a mRNA to make a protein occurs in the _____________.

 

a.translation, nucleus

b.transcription, nucleus

c.transcription, cytoplasm

d.translation, cytoplasm

 

4)Which of the following statements about protein degradation is false?

a.The proteasome has a central cylinder lined with proteases.

b.Damaged and misfolded proteins can be degraded by the proteasome.

c.Different proteins have different lifespans in cells.

d.Proteasomes are present in both the nucleus and cytosol.

e.Proteins with a polyubiquitin chain are degraded by the lysosome.

 

2)Why might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the level of a protein's activity?

a.It might exchange one serine codon for a different serine codon.

b.It might substitute an amino acid in the active site.

c.It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.

d.It might result in a chromosomal translocation.

e.It might substitute the N terminus of the polypeptide for the C terminus.

9. Translation

5. Translation, cytoplasm

4.Protein with polyubiquitin chain are degraded by the lysosome.

2.It might substitute the N terminus of polypeptide for the C terminus

Step-by-step explanation

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of m-RNA to a sequence of amino acid during protein synthesis.
Insertion of nucleotides changes number of DNA bases in a gene. It adds a piece of DNA hence during translation the protein synthesized is shorter than the expected one.

Translation is the process by which protein is synthesized from information contained in the molecule of m-RNA .
This process occurs in the ribosomes which are found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum that is in the cytoplasm.

Protein degradation is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acid through a process called proteolysis.
Proteasomes are protein complexes which degrade unneeded or damaged protein.
Protein with polyubiquitin chain are degraded by proteasomes and not the lysosome.

Point mutation is genetic mutation where single nucleotide base is changed , inserted or deleted from DNA or RNA   sequence of an organism's genome .
Substitution is where by a nucleotide is swapped for another nucleotide.
DNA molecule has a N terminus and a C terminus this due to substitution the ends may be swapped thus making a difference in level of protein activity.