what is the problems usually occurs on a slope ? and how to improve them to more stable?

 

There are a lot of hazards associated with slopes. Slopes can fail when they are not stable. Steeper slopes are generally less stable than gentler slopes. Certain lithologies such as siltstone, shales, marls, etc. are more susceptible to slope failure. Also, highly fractured rocks are also more susceptible to slope failure.

Mitigating measures are often implemented to eliminate or reduce hazards associated with slopes such as installing rock bolts, rock cables, steel nets, shotcretes to make the slope more stable. Benching or laying of concrete on side slopes, unloading or the removal of the material on the slope to avoid further destabilization and providing buttress to support or reinforce the slope are also applied. Improvement of surface and subsurface drainage are also one of the mitigating measures to avoid slope related hazards.