Scholars have developed many different models/metaphors/concepts to describe federalism in the United States. Discuss the extent to which these models have moved the subfield forward. Discuss which model you find most persuasive, and discuss whether and why scholars should devote effort to developing models of federalism.

 

There are several models of federalism in the USA including dual, co-operative, creative, new and progressive federalism. However, preference is on Progressive Federalism which acknowledges more roles a state can play. 

Firstly is the Dual federalism whereby two levels of governments function distinctively and interdependently. The powers and functions of governments are split between the federal and state levels so as to maintain a balance.

Secondly is Cooperative federalism which calls on the federal and the state governments to share power more equally so as to resolve common problems through joint efforts. Using this approach, the powers of the levels are somehow not clearly separated.

Thirdly is creative federalism which shifted the powers from the states to the federal government thus the federal government can decide the needs of the states then goes forward to provide resources. 

The fourth is New federalism which recognized the need to reverse the powers back to the states. Thus, the federal government devolved powers to the states in order to create a balance between the two.

Lastly is progressive federalism which granted states with more control over matters such as consumer protection. These issues were previously within the domain of the federal government.

The most persuasive model is the progressive federalism model. This is because it recognizes dualism of governments and it provides states with the powers to legislate over matters directly affecting one state but may not be affecting others. States also do not have to rely on the federal government to legislate over matters affecting them immediately and directly such as consumer rights.