Please choose an "ism" to begin writing your next (and last) paper

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Please choose an "ism" to begin writing your next (and last) paper. I have created a list from which all of you must choose ONE to research. However, each person must choose a different "ism" and it is first come/first serve. Once a name is beside an "ism" it is taken.

Attached are the guidelines for the paper. Please begin gathering research. I require a minimum of 5 sources (please make 2-3 of them books. One can be our class textbook). Citations will be extremely important so make sure you get a websites URL.

- Research should include:

What is the ‘ism.?

What political and social issues allowed the ‘ism to be accepted by popular

culture?

Who are the top 3 – 5 artists?

What are the most famous artworks from each artist?

Why did the ‘ism die out? If it is still going on, who are the top three artists?

Research should include:

-  The use of books is encouraged

-  The maximum of 5 web sites (mostly for images)

-  ALWAYS get credit info (especially for images)

-  Use the Cornell standard for sighting information

-  Quotes cannot be more then three sentences in length

-  Bibliography page is a MUST and is not part of the 1000 words

 (Below is the list provided to choose which "ism")

Romanticism – Art that valued human emotions, instincts and intuitions over structure and rules of composition. It was concerned with the ideal and a fascination with nature. Horror and the supernatural also played a role. Theodore Gericault, Eugene Delacroix, Francisco Goya, J.M.W. Turner

Realism – Realism claimed that the artist should represent the world as it is. Subjects of the paintings were considered immoral in their day. Gustave Courbet, Millet, Daumier, Eakins, Tanner

Impressionism– A style of painting in which artists capture an impression of what the eye sees at a given moment and the effect of sunlight on the subject. Paul Cezanne, Edgar Degas, Pierre-August Renoir & Claude Monet, Claude Manet, Mary Cassett

Neo-Impressionism– The Neo-Impressionists were less concerned with panting spontaneously and more interested in the preparatory and technical aspect of design and color. George Seurat, Claude Monet, Paul Cezanne, Pissaro

Post Impressionism – Art movement that immediately followed Impressionism. The artists involved showed a greater concern for structure and form and a refusal to imitate nature. Vincenet Van Gogh, Henry Rousseau, George Whistler, John Singer Sargent, Paul Gaugin, Windslow Homer

Expressionism – Artist tried to communicate their strong emotional feelings through movement and color. Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Giacommetti, Gustiv Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, Franz Marc

Abstract Expressionism – Concentrated on the physical process of painting from which the narrower term “Action Painting” was derived. Willem De Kooning, Robert Motherwell, Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, Franz Kline,

New (Neo) Expressionism – Art that records the scenes and predicaments that make up the human drama, and expresses their emotional responses. Cindy Sherman, Magdalena Abakanowicz, Leon Golub, Bernard Buffet

Photo Realism – An art style that is so realistic it looked like a photograph, although it was painted. Chuck Close, Charles Sheeler, Richard Estes

Conceptualism – is shaped by the idea that the art work is an idea, or concept rather than a material object. The artist’s intention and the spectator’s response are

an integral part of the art work itself. This form of art is much more academic then constructed. Sol Lewitt, Joseph Kosuth, Marcel Duchamp

Art Deco – An international art/design movement (heavy in architecture) from 1925 until the 1940s, affecting all aspects of the arts At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional and modern. Tamara de Lempicka, Hector Guimard, Paul Bellot, Frank Lloyd Wright.

Art Nouveau - A reaction to the academic art of the 19th century, it is characterized by organic, especially floral and other plant-inspired motifs, as well as highly-stylized, flowing curvilinear forms. Alphonse Mucha, Louis Comfort Tiffany, Antoni Gaudi, Victor Horta, William Morris, Beardsley

Constructivism – abstract, geometric works of art which are constructed or organized from distinct components and contemporary materials such as plastic. Alexander Calder, Vladimir Tatlin, Naum Gabo

Cubism A – A 20th century art movement in which artists tried to show al sides of three-dimensional objects at once on a flat surface. Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Alexander Archipenko, Robert Delaunay

Dadaism – An early 20th century art movement that ridiculed contemporary culture and traditional art. Developed after WW1 when the whole of Europe had shell shock (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)). Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp, Jean Harp

Fauvism – Artist’s whose paintings were simple in design, brightly colored and loose in brushwork. Henry Matisse, George Roualt, Andre Derain

Futurism – Characterized by its aggressive celebration of modern technology, speed and city life. They rejected the art and culture of the past and wanted to make way for anything new. Gino Severini, Giacomo Balla, Aaron Douglas, Umberto Boccioni, Furnand Leger

Post Modernism – An art style in the 1980’s that developed into a dramatic, daring and unique style. Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Clas Oldenburg

Minimalism – - 1960’s art form that is highly simplified or austere. Often composed of multiple, repeated elements. Dan Flavin, Donald Judd,

Op Art (Optical Art) – An art movement which was at its strongest in the 1960’s. Op artists had a preference for painterly techniques which make their works seem to move or flicker. It is usually produced to create specific effects on the eye,

requiring artists to pay attention to their use of color and form. Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley,

Pop Art – A style that portrayed images of the popular culture such as comic strips and commercial products. Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, David Hockney,

Psychedelic – An art form developed in the 1960’s related to the drug counter- culture. Psychedelic visual arts were a counterpart to psychedelic rock music. Peter Max, Wes Wilson, Bill Graham, Heinz Edelmann

Post Impressionism Sculpture – (heavy on sculpture) Modern artists celebrated the “primitive” as an unconscious creative impulse which had not been tamed in human nature. Alberto Giacometti, Constantine Brancusi, Henry More

Surrealism – An art style in which dreams, fantasy and the subconscious served as the inspiration for artists. Salvador Dal, Max Ernst, Rene Magritte, Frida Kahlo, Paul Klee, Miro

Symbolism – The Symbolist movement was a reaction against the advancement of science and technology. Its images make use of dreams, nightmares and altered states. Edvard Munch, Ryder, Jose Clemente, Gustav Klimt

Color Field – abstract paintings characterized by large areas of a more or less flat single colors. It eliminated the emotional, mythic or religious content of earlier art movements. Mark Rothko, Frank Stella, Helen Frankenthaler, Ellsworth Kelly, Barnett Newman, Morris Lewis

Computer Art – any art in which computers play a significant roll in production or display of the artwork. David Em, Nam June Paix, Jeszika Le Vye, David Villegas

Suprematism (Non Objective Art) – Art that is abstract and non-representational. The term is usually confined to highly geometric forms. Highly influential among Russia’s avant-guardes. Alexander Rodchenko, Kasimir Malevich, Duane Hanson

29. Photography – The art, application or practice of creating durable images by recoding light. Ansel Adams, Anne Liberwitz, Alfred Stieglitz, Sally Mann, Henri Cartier-Branson, Robert Capa, Edward Weston, Margret Bourk-White, Walker Evans, Paul Strand, Edward Curtis, Eadweard Muybridge, Imogen Cunningham, Bernice Abbott, Weegee, Dorothea Lang, Diane Arbus

30. Neo-Plasticism – Grid-shaped paintings meant to reveal the timeless spiritual order under-laying the endlessly changing appearance of the world. Associated with Bauhaus (German). Piet Mondrian, Theo Van Doesburg, Alexander Caulder

31. Land Art – an art form in which artists make use of elements from natural or urban environments. Andy Goldsworthy, Robert Smithson, Christo

32. Graffiti Art – Art which utilizes the style and/or methods of graffiti but which is usually exhibited in galleries. Keith Haring, Bansky,