Explain the concept 'Conditioning' and explain the two types of conditioning in relation to our understanding of human behaviour.

Conditioning is a behavioral process in which a response becomes more recurring or more foreseeable in a specified environment as an outcome of reinforcement. Reinforcement is normally being a stimulus or reward for a response which is desired. Conditioning help one's body to feel better all the way round and to gain confidence hence reduces depressive symptoms and to feel better mentally. There are two types of conditioning which are;

• Classical Conditioning- Is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally happening stimulus. It involves making an association between two stimuli resulting in a learned response. The behavior is involuntary because it is based on the pairing of stimuli with biologically important situations. Here the responses are under the control of some stimuli because they are automatically extracted by the correct stimuli. Example, when a child hear the sound of a door slam may indicate that the parent is angry hence making the child to tremble.
• Operant Conditioning is also known as instrumental conditioning- Is a method of learning whereby employs are rewarded and punished for behavior. Here an association is made between the behavior and result whether positive or negative for that given behavior. Here the stimuli is present when a behavior that is rewarded or punished controls that behavior. An operant behavior is voluntary. Example, a child may learn to avoid touching a hot stove, the stove is discriminative stimuli.