What were the policies of the U.S. regarding developments in Europe in the late 1930's and Japanese expansion prior to 12/7/1941? and Briefly describe some of the major campaigns of WW II in both Europe and the Pacific. What do they tell you about the problems faced and strategies used, to prevail against the Axis? 

What were the policies of the U.S. regarding developments in Europe in the late 1930's and Japanese expansion prior to 12/7/1941?

In the 1930's, mixing the Great Depression with recollection of the horrific casualties during World War I was instrumental in moving US public opinion and isolationism policies. Isolationists argued that they should not participate in European and Asian disputes and that world relations should not get intertwined.

The obvious root is the State Department, whose task it is to identify and steer its foreign policy to research the essence of the new United States. The below are the foreign policy objectives:

• Preservation of America's National Defense
• Encouragement of world peace and a safe world
• Preserve a balance of force between nations
• Acting with partners to resolve foreign challenges
• Promoting freedom, civil rights and values
• Enhance collaboration on foreign exchange and m
• mutual membership in international trade organisations

Roosevelt's Foreign Policy in 1930s

The US has not been involved in international disputes for much of its history. It became a dominant and influential country only in the twentieth century. The first chairman to consider America as a great power was President Theodore Roosevelt. A few years back, the United States decided to get more active in the world, President Woodrow Wilson wanted. There was disagreement among many Americans. They decided to stay away from diplomatic controversies. The presidents were told of global affairs after Wilson. Yet they were less eager than Roosevelt or Wilson were to include the United States. The global economic depression which began in 99 years further diminished the interest of Americans in the country.

Roosevelt advocated direct intervention as the Republican government discouraged interference with the economy. The USA has been suffering from hunger, homelessness, and great hardship for many years. Roosevelt promised Americans a "New Deal" in his inaugural address. The First New Deal (a series of federal programs introduced from 1933 to 1935) tackles immediate unemployment, hunger and economic issues. The administration spent billions in aid projects, jobs growth schemes and strategies for the downturn in banking and agriculture in its first hundred days.

A change to the left marked the Second New Contract (1935-1937). The Social Security Act of 1935 was at the forefront of the second process. For the first time people unable to afford their own benefits is compensated by unemployment Insurance, affordable housing and social security grants. Roosevelt would face challenges during his second term as the economy started to crash. However, New Deal policies had to boost America's economy and ready it for the future. Roosevelt formed an alliance that redefined American politics until the 1960s. This coalition consisted of workers' unions, feminists, African Americans, racial groups and the middle class.

President Woodrow Wilson believed that the United States was neutral during the First World War in Europe in 1914, with many American supporters of the non-intervention strategy. However after a German submarine dropped the British ocean liner Lusitania in 1915, public sentiment regarding neutrality began to change; almost 2,000 people died, including 128 Americans. Wilson demanded a declaration of War against Germany from Congress along with the Zimmerman telegram threatening an alliance between Germany and Mexico. On 6 April 1917 the US formally joined the war

The US completely embargoed Japan's capital in July 1941, and all Japanese properties were confiscated by US entities. US politics pushed the wall of Japan. The Japanese Navy started to prepare to assault Pearl Harbor, the Philippines, and other bases in the Pacific in early December, with Japanese Emperor Hirohito's permission, in order to free up the way into the Dutch East Indies.

Briefly describe some of the major campaigns of WW II in both Europe and the Pacific. 

The Second World War, the most deadly battle in human history, waged between 1939 and 1945 and killed an estimated between 45 and 60 million people in war theaters from Europe to China, from Greenland to South America. The battles of 1945 were one of the worst in the whole war, since the Allies raised Japan and Germany in bloody air and ground combat.

1.Closing in of Berlin

In Europe, UK and US troops caught up in western Hitler's Germany, when the Russians invaded from eastern Germany. Hitler's last major operation ended in January 1945, with more than 186,000 losses on both sides and the Germans retreating. The Ardennes offensive became best remembered as the Battle of the Bulge. The Allies traversed the Rhine via Germany in March. The Russians launched their second great western assault on Germany - and the last big war offensive in Europe - with Berlin being taken by the Red Army and the war in Europe finally ended in May 1945.

2.Fierce Bombing Attacks

The German Luftwaffe was severely reduced in 1945, although the Allies had been able to cause losses, Allied bombers wandered at will in a lengthy air campaign that lasted the final months of the war in Europe. During the war, their heavy bombers targeted their adversary's manufacturing and urban centres. More than 900 bombers and 550 escorts targeted Berlin in January. More than 800 Allied bombers dropped 4,000 pounds, sparking an explosive and firebomb storm that killed 35,000 people in Dresden in mid-February. More than 360 allied air strikes in Berlin took place in February alone. The air defenses in Berlin were lost by the beginning of April.

3.Getting Closer Mainland Japan

The Americans continued their policy of island hopping in the Pacific after the Allied War against Japan and pushed closer to the Japanese hometowns themselves. Like the United States. U.S. Marines assaulted Iwo Jima Island in February and occupied Okinawa in April, the Japanese army failed to recapture the Philippines. Okinawa war involved more than 400,000 forces from both sides of this biggest struggle on the Pacific island. Although almost 40,000 people have been killed, the U.S. won. The military of Japan has lost upwards of 100,000 men and it is proportional to Okinawan and Japanese people.

4.Incendiary Bombs that destroyed cities

Meanwhile a sustained bombing campaign in 1945 resulted in the United States Air Force on the homeland islands of Japan. On 9 March, in the deadliest single-air raid of world war 2 USAAF B-29s dropped burnt bombs on Tokyo killing 100,000 people. Sixty Japanese cities were destroyed by further fire raids. By July, the intelligence of the U.S. Air force decided that no useful bombing targets were left in Japan. The estimated number of Japanese people killed by US bombs will be nearly 1 million after the U.S. dropped its nuclear bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasakis in August 1945.

Polish Campaign (1939)—Germany and the Soviet Union invasion of Poland. That is the start of the struggle in Europe. That is the start of the struggle in Europe. 

Atlantic War (1939-1945) - The Atlantic Ocean Control combat. This naval operation is best remembered for the Germans' use of submarines and the Allies' convoy scheme.

Winter War (1939-1940) - The assault on Finland by the Soviet Union was largely ignored after the Second World War. That's why Germany and the Soviets became more or less allies during the early part of the war.

"Phony War" (1939-1940)—There was quite a western front around the French-German frontier between the Polish camp and the German invasion of France.

The Norwegian and Danish Invasions (1940) - Deutsche Republic occupied the two Scandinavian countries to block the British first of all from confiscating half of Norway. The supply of iron ore from Sweden passing through Norway, which Hitler still needed to ensure.

The Battle of England (1940) — German inability to smash the Royal Air Force of Britain as a prelude to a British Isle invasion.

The Balkans (1940-1941) - The feeble effort made by Italy to invade Greece leads to the entry of Germany into the Balkans. Yugoslavia and Greece are conquered by Axis forces.

Hitler's dumb invasion of his old Soviet Union ally is Eastern Front/Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). More than 20 million dead will be lost by the Soviets, while at the end of the day, Berlin, capital of the German Republic, was taken by the Soviets and the Communist Russes controlled East Germany for over 40 years.

Dieppe's Raid (1942)

Allied invasion of Italy (1943-1945)— After the defeat in North Africa of Axis forces, allied troops are occupying Sicily and mainland Italy. Invasion of Italy Mussolini has now fallen from power and Italy has moved from the Axis to the Allies.

Air War on Europe (1943-1945)—The strikes on German factories, which devastated German facilities and towns, have eliminated the Luftwaffe from the sky.

Campaign D-Day/Normandy (1944)-Allied French coast invasion opens up a strong second front to ease pressure from Germany against the Ukrainian Soviet Union.

During World War II the United States Army undertook several campaigns. These campaigns were designated formally by the army. Which is the basis for honors and awards to the United States. Army divisions and soldiers are not though, a summary of all war camps, since they neglect to cover U.S. operations. The presence of the army was limited. All in all, the US named 44 World War II campaigns. Army: 24 for Asia-Pacific Theater, 19 for the European-African-Middle East Theater and one for the United States Theatre. Three major general operations were carried out: anti-submarine warfare, land warfare and air struggle. These were named for each theatre, except for the American Theater which had just the one blanket warfare awarded. The three theaters each had a ribbon of their own promotions. The campaign list covers campaigns conducted by the United States. Army forces engaged in field fighting and those carried out by the US Army.

What do they tell you about the problems faced and strategies used, to prevail against the Axis?

The threat faced by German submarines or submariners in the Atlantic was one of the most immediate problems. The subs sunk alone in the first half of 1942, operating in groups, three million tons of Allied shipping. However the Allies developed a convoy scheme and improved anti-sub tactics. Above all, more freight ships have been designed than the Germans could sink.  Allied aircraft began to bomb targets within Germany in the summer of 1942. The bombing will finally take a dreadful toll. In 1943 the city of Hamburg killed 60,000 civilians, all but lost Dresden.

The Allies agreed first of all that Hitler's Germany was the most urgent threat. The German army was on the verge of crushing the former ally of the Soviet Army. If the Russians collapsed, Germany could look at Britain in full. As Russia was muddled by the Germans, soviet dictator Josef Stalin wanted the Allies to begin the German-held invasion of Europe as soon as possible. However when bombing Germany from the air, Churchill decided to sniff on the borders of the German empire and the FDR joined the Britons. FDR, Churchill and Stalin succeeded in removing their marked differences and collaborating in general. This was a crucial factor in the eventual victory of the Allies. During the war, the trio met a number of times to discuss policy and how the future will be after the war. In fact, at the end of the Yalta war, a former Black Sea palace in the Soviet Union the most important of the meetings between the FDR, Churchill and Stalin. The FDR came to Yalta with the expectation that a realistic and effective UN will be established after the war, as well as reminding the Russians of the war against Japan and helping promote the end of the war.