Electrical Stimulation on Skeletal Muscle can help which diseases ? Provide some pubmed sources.

 

Electrical stimulation is currently used in many forms to facilitate changes in muscle action and performance.  It is used as  a therapeutic treatment that applies electrical stimulation.

DISEASES:

brain neuroplasticity, adipocyte metabolism, bone mineralization, endothelium repair and cell growth arrest in colon and breast cancer

·        Peptides that are called Myokines are known to modulate brain neuroplasticity, adipocyte metabolism, bone mineralization, endothelium repair and cell growth arrest in colon and breast cancer, among other processes. Repeated skeletal muscle contraction induces the production and secretion of myokines, which have a wide range of functions in different tissues and organs. This new role of skeletal muscle as a secretory organ means skeletal muscle contraction could be a key player in the prevention and/or management of chronic disease. However, some individuals are not capable of optimal physical exercise in terms of adequate duration, intensity or muscles involved, and therefore they may be virtually deprived of at least some of the physiological benefits induced by exercise. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is emerging as an effective physical exercise substitute for myokine induction. NMES is safe and efficient and has been shown to improve muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life.

stroke or spinal cord injury

·        Stoke or spinal cord injury can damage the human nervous system. This damage can cause a rapid denervation of muscle resulting in weakness or paralysis. This lack of neural innervation renders muscle unable to produce the voluntary forces needed to create joint movement that will allow functional performance of daily tasks.

·        STROKE- The biggest effect of stroke on patients and families is usually through long-term impairment. Motor impairment in the arm persisting for a long time can make patients become functionally dependent on others for everyday activities. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is one of the methods that consists in using electrical currents in stimulating the nerves connected to the paralyzed muscles in precise sequence and magnitude so that the outcome resembles functional tasks. Functional electrical stimulation (FES)  aims to generate movements or functions, which mimic normal voluntary movements, and therefore to restore the functions served by those movements.

bell's palsy

·        Facial paralysis, also known as Bell palsy (BP), is an acute facial nerve disease in which the symptoms can be facial hemiparesis or paralysis. It was demonstrated that early electric stimulation (ES) after a denervation injury could maintain normal motor unit characteristics and could improve functional recovery.