1) ___ is the process of change in living organisms through long periods of time. This change is usually in allele frequencies over time. 

comparative anatomy 

Ecology

Evolution 

Mycology

2) Which of the following disciplines help support the theory of evolution?

embryology

paleontology (fossil records)

comparative anatomy

all of the above (a, b, & c)

 

3) A _________ is a group of like organisms that share a common gene pool. These individuals reproduce and produce fertile offspring.

species

family

kingdom 

class

4) Which of the following is the transition species between reptiles and birds?

T-rex

Eocene

Pakicetus

Archeopteryx 

5) What causes changes in the allele frequencies of a gene pool?

natural selection 

genetic mutations 

genetic drift 

all of the above

6) Bonus: Comparative embryology studies reveal that chordate embryos all share four common features: a  postanal tail, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a notochord, and paired pharyngeal gill pouches 

Which feature becomes the spinal cord?

postanal tail

paired pharyngeal gill pouches

dorsal hollow nerve cord

notochord

Answers:

1) ____________ is the process of change in living organisms through long periods of time. This change is usually in allele frequencies over time. 

~ Evolution

Explanation:

Evolution is a phenomenon that over time, results in changes in a population's genetic material. Evolution represents animals' adaptations to their changing habitats which can lead to genes, novel traits, and new species being changed. 

2) Which of the following disciplines help support the theory of evolution?

~ all of the above (a, b, & c)

Explanation:

Embryology

Embryology shows that evolution is valid because, regardless of the type, all embryonic cells look similar. Embryos do not begin to look like their ancestors, but all embryonic cells continue to look the same. However as they mature, they do not mimic the adult form of a different species. The hypothesis that any living creature has a shared ancestor is confirmed by embryology. Evolution is the principle. Evolution theory states that not every aspect of the embryo of an ancestor is seen in its descendants. That explains why over time, embryos evolve into various organisms. In each embryo, different traits are present. If the embryo is fully grown, other embryos that have similar characteristics are produced.

Paleontology (fossil records)

The theory of evolution is endorsed by paleontology and it explains the origin of living species from common ancestors. Paleontology reveals that in previous eras, there were fewer forms of animals, and the organisms were probably less organized. The fossils look much like present types from the top rock layers.

Comparative Anatomy

Comparative anatomy is an important instrument that helps to establish species' ancestral relationships and whether or not they have similar ancestry. It's still important proof for evolution, though. The theory that these species originated from a single ancestor is reinforced by anatomical similarity between organisms.

3) A _________ is a group of like organisms that share a common gene pool. These individuals reproduce and produce fertile offspring.

~ species

Explanation:

A species is a group of individual organisms that reproduce into fertile, viable offspring and produce them. According to this definition, one species is distinct from another because in nature, it is not possible to produce fertile offspring by matching individuals from each species.

4) Which of the following is the transition species between reptiles and birds?

~ Archeopteryx 

Explanation:

Archaeopteryx is seen by paleontologists to be a transitional fossil between dinosaurs and modern birds. It has long been considered as the first known bird with its combination of avian and reptilian characteristics.

5) What causes changes in the allele frequencies of a gene pool?

~ all of the above

Explanation:

Changes arising from generation to generation within a gene pool are termed microevolution. Due to gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection and mutation, allele frequencies in a population may change. They are referred to as evolution's four fundamental forces.

6) Comparative embryology studies reveal that chordate embryos all share four common features: a  postanal tail, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a notochord, and paired pharyngeal gill pouches. Which feature becomes the spinal cord?

~ dorsal hollow nerve cord

Explanation:

The dorsal hollow nerve cord is derived from the ectoderm that rolls during development into a hollow tube. In chordates, the notochord is positioned dorsally (at the top of the animal). In comparison to chordates, solid nerve cords are distinguished by other animal phyla, and are located either ventral or laterally. The nerve cord present in most chordate embryos, which form the central nervous system, grows into the brain and spinal cord.