1. Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were findings that 38% of adults use CAM [complementary and alternative medical] health care modalities.
2. Construct a professional paper that outlines how the use of the following CAM health care modalities impacts the cardiovascular system.
   • Ginseng
   • Hawthorn
   • L-Arginine
   • St. John’s Wort
3. For each of the modalities the discussion must include:
   • effect on the cardiovascular system
   • anticipated benefits
   • any identified risks or adverse effects
   • relative patient education
   • supporting reference from scholarly literature.

Introduction

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the terminology used to identify medical practices and products not inclusive of specialized medical care. The products used in treatments include meditation, acupuncture, aromatherapy, homeopathy, and colonic irrigation. A complimentary is a situation whereby conventional medicine is used along with non-mainstream practices while non-mainstream medicine instead of certified medication is referred to as an alternative.  The complementary and alternative products are aimed at curing a certain health condition.

 Checking evidence will make someone understand whether complementary or alternative products are useful in healing a certain health condition. Although some of these complementary and alternative medications are not recognized by scientists, they are based on certain principles and evidence. Other complementary and alternative products have been proven to treat specific health conditions. Complementary and alternative medicine such as chiropractic and osteopathy are used to cure back pain. The placebo effect causes improvement to a patient who has received health treatment or complementary and alternative medicine.

The laws that govern the use of complementary medication only allow practitioners with the right knowledge to carry out the medication under the given codes of the practices. Regulating who should give complementary and alternative medication by the law is referred to as statutory professional regulation. People who choose to practice complementary and alternative medication should request information such as what the practice will cost, the period of practicing, the right environment of taking these medications, the side effects of the treatment, the preparations needed for the treatments, the proves that statutory professional regulations accept the treatment.

Scientists have learned new and detailed complementary and alternative medications each new day. Patients should discuss CAMs with a health specialist before using them to treat a certain health problem. Mind-body therapies combine body movements, mental focus, and breathing to bring relaxation to mind and body. Mind-body therapies include medication which involves focused breathing and reciting some words in a quiet mode. Biofeedback involves the use of machines to temper some body functions that they are not aware of. Hypnosis is a state where a patient has to concentrate on a given feeling to heal. Yoga is simple body movements with the aid of stretching and giving attention to special breathing. Tai Chi involves breathing with focus and entails slow movement of body parts. Imagery is the act of imagining things such as experiences and pictures.

Some complementary and alternative medications have been taken through thorough research, and scientists have confirmed that they are effective and safe. The best complementary and alternatives include yoga, acupuncture, and meditation, and others may not be helpful to the patient and bring about negative effects to the body. Complementary and alternative medications range from nutritional products and botanical such as vitamins, herbals, and dietary supplements. These products are not certified and can hurt the person who decides to take them as medicines or supplements of certified medication.

Ginseng

Ginseng is a root of a plant lying in the genus Panax rich in gintonin and ginsenosides. It has been used as traditional medicine over the past decades; nowadays, it is sold as a dietary supplement. The genus Panax is composed of eleven short plants which take a long time to grow to a big plant. The leaves of Ginseng are oval, the stalk is long, and a light-colored root is used to improve the well-being of a patient. It has effects such as increasing heartbeat rate and increasing blood pressure.

Benefits of using Ginseng

Firstly, it is used to increase people's energy who feel weakness and tiredness in their bodies. It stimulates mental and physical activities of the body. It is widely advisable for people with chronic fatigue. It was also discovered in 2014 that Ginseng helps in the treatment of fatigue related to cancer. Secondly, it is used as a sharpener of cognitive functioning; according to research, Ginseng can cure some cognitive defects. It is used in the reduction of stress, and that may lead to proper cognitive function. Thirdly, active parts of ginseng travel to body parts through the immune system, reducing the act of inflammation of an injured body part. Fourthly, after doing research, Ginseng can improve erectile dysfunction of men with mild-to-moderate erecting dysfunction. Fifthly, different types of Ginsengs are used to prevent different types of flu; influenza can be prevented by taking an extract from the red Ginseng (Jeon & Lee, 2020). Lastly, Ginseng is used to control blood sugar as it can affect the production of insulin.

Risks connected to the use of Ginseng

Although people consider Ginseng safe, it has side effects such as sleeplessness, headaches, diarrhea, increased heartbeat, severe skin reaction, vaginal bleeding, and swollen breasts (Park & Hong, 2017).

Relative patient education

Lack of sleep can bring health complications in a patient's body; avoiding Ginseng will help get enough sleep, hence boosting the body's overall functioning. Increased heartbeat can lead to high pressure, which may come along with other health complications such as blood vessels and severe headaches.

Hawthorn

It is a flowering plant referred to as one-seed Hawthorn, and its Latin name is Crataegus laevigata; it grows in temperate regions and lies in the rose family. In the late 90s, Hawthorn treated kidney problems, heart problems, and digestive diseases. Currently, it is used to reduce anxiety, increase or lower blood and other cardio versicular complications. There is no evidence of other use of Hawthorn rather than in treating heart failure. It works by improving the amount of blood pumped by the heart, widening blood vessels, and increasing blood transmission signals.

Benefits of using Hawthorn

First, Hawthorn is rich in polyphenols which is a strong antioxidant fount in plants. Antioxidants are used to neutralize unstable molecules that can cause harm to the body when produced to high levels. Free radicals can result from poor diet, cigarette smoke, and environmental factors such as air pollution. Because of its character in producing antioxidants may save people from cancer, asthma, diabetes, heart complications, skin aging, and other infections. Second, Hawthorn can cure inflammation and other diseases related to chronic inflammation, including cancers, diabetes, and asthma. Research also proved that Hawthorn could be used to treat liver diseases. Third, Hawthorn is one of the most recommended foods used to treat high blood pressure in China (Demetriou & Hu, 2019). It can reduce the contraction of nerves hence reducing the pressure on the wall of these nerves by introducing a relaxation effect.

Fourth, Hawthorn is used to controlling the amount of cholesterol in our bodies. In their moderate amounts, they help our bodies and help transport nutrients to body parts. When cholesterol and triglycerides are imbalanced, they cause complications such as atherosclerosis and plaque increase. Plaque can lead to blockage of blood vessels leading to failure of functioning of some body parts. Fifth, Hawthorn is used in aiding digestion. The extract from hawthorn berries has been used for decades to treat digestion complications. Hawthorn berries contain fibers that are connected to the reduction of chances of constipation. Sixth, Hawthorn prevents hair loss as people age. In commercial products, it is also used to prevent hair loss. People with cancer use Hawthorn extract to increase hair growth by increasing the number of hair follicles in the body and enabling healthier hair growth. Seventh, it is a mild sedative and used to reduce blood pressure hence reducing anxiety. Eighth, it can be used to treat heart failure and supplement our diet by taking it raw, as tea, desserts and jams, and wine.

Risks of taking Hawthorn

There are no negative effects of taking Hawthorn in many forms, which are made available as medication. It can cause weakness, dizziness, and nausea. If Hawthorn is taking along with other drugs, it can cause problems in how the medications are absorbed in the user's body (Fry, 2018). Reduced blood pressure can lead to the malfunctioning of some body parts as blood will not reach them adequately.

Relative patient education

Patients should not choose to use Hawthorn and other medication as they may cause problems in absorbing these conventional medications. It should not be taken by people running machines or driving as it is easy to cause accidents due to its dizziness.

L-Arginine

L-Arginine is used for making proteins, and it is mainly used for treating circulation complications. It is readily found in fish, red meat, and dairy as an amino acid. L-Arginine improves blood flow as it widens the blood vessels after being converted to nitric acid, responsible for the effect. It can be used as a supplement or generate substances such as insulin and growth hormones. L-Arginine is used in the treatment of a dangerous disease in infants called necrotizing enterocolitis (Rodrigues-Krause & Krause, 2019). People also use it to treat chest pains, the flow of the blood, blood pressure, and erectile dysfunction.

Benefits of using L-Arginine

First, it helps the body in building products through the production of nitric acid. It can be used in health improvement such as heart health, building muscles, reducing chest pain, and improving male fertility (Zhang & Lv, 2018). Some of the known and proved benefits of L-Arginine include reducing blood pressure, increasing the generation of growth hormones, repairing urea synthesis, treating heart diseases, eliminating erectile dysfunction, reducing inflammation of body parts, and control of blood sugar.

Risks of using L-Arginine

Patients should expect side effects such as bloating, gout, airway inflammation, allergies, low blood pressure, abdominal pains, and asthma when taking L-Arginine. Taking in L-Arginine can cause illness of infants, uncontrollable blood pressure, death from a heart attack, and lastly, herpes flares.

Relative patient education

Patients should avoid using the plant and its extracts without specialized prescription as it can lead to complications such as uncontrollable blooding pressure, which can lead to bursting of vessels or failure of them to function. The plant is suspected of causing a heart attack, which can be alarming to many people and expensive to cure.

St. John's Wort

It is a plant that has been used for centuries to treat mental complications. It is widely known in Europe than in the other parts of the world. In the United States, it is used as a supplement to the diet (Nicolussi & Drewe, 2020). The leaves and flowers of St. John's Wort are rich in active chemicals such as hyperforin. It is made available as a supplement product such as liquids, tablets, tea, and topical preparation.

Benefits of using St. John's Wort

It is used in treating mild depression, as shown in several studies. Many people have used a prescription from a certified health manager as an antidepressant. Although it is not clear how the plant works, it boosts mood by increasing brain chemicals such as serotonin. People affected by depression are deficient in neurotransmitters, and researchers believe that hyperforin and hypericin increase their availability. The plant is also understudied to know whether it can cure health problems such as viral infections, seasonal affective disorder, anxiety, and premenstrual syndrome.

Risks of using St. John's Wort

St. John's Wort is said to be safe when taken for 12 weeks in a prescribed way. It has side effects such as drying the user's mouth, dizziness, diarrhea, stomach aches and constipation, anxiety and agitation, headache, raised sensitivity to sunlight, and increased insomnia and fatigue. Taking St. John's Wort can affect the functioning of medications such as birth regulation pills, a heart medication known as digoxin, HIV drugs, cancer medication, a chemical used in helping the body not to reject transplanted organs. It can lead to sexual dysfunction and confusion.

Relative patient education

Patients should not be used the plant extracts to replace prescribed medication from doctors. When taken in large quantities, it can lead to medical complications such as reacting with conventional medications. Depression can lead to death, and patients should seek assistance from specialized and avoid treating themselves.

Outline

Complementary and alternative medication

Introduction

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the terminology used to identify medical practices and products not inclusive of specialized medical care.

Ginseng

Ginseng is a root of a plant lying in the genus Panax rich in gintonin and ginsenosides. It has been used as traditional medicine over the past decades; nowadays, it is sold as a dietary supplement.

Benefits of using Ginseng

Firstly, it is used to increase people's energy who feel weakness and tiredness in their bodies. It stimulates mental and physical activities of the body.

Hawthorn

It is a flowering plant referred to as one-seed Hawthorn, and its Latin name is Crataegus laevigata; it grows in temperate regions and lies in the rose family.

L-Arginine

L-Arginine is used for making proteins, and it is mainly used for treating circulation complications.

St. John's Wort

It is a plant that has been used for centuries to treat mental complications. It is widely known in Europe than in the other parts of the world.