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Childhood and Adolescent Obesity in the United States

The article discusses the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescence in the United States. Obesity can be defined as an accumulation of fat to the body which comes as a result of excess food intake to less energy needed to perform the activities of daily living. It does affect children across the board, but varies depending on the following factors ethnicity age, sex, education levels, and socioeconomic status. This is a public health issue especially because it has been linked as a risk factor to other health conditions and about 17% of children are obese in the United States of America. Researchers are concerned about finding methods of preventing this childhood problem because obesity not only affect children's cardiac wise, but also psychologically and gastro intestinally. Obesity has been associated with conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, sleep apnea, poor self-esteem, and even serious forms of depression. Besides the nutritional influence on obesity, other factors such as Genetics, environmental, and hormonal factors play a big role in making people obese. When obesity begins from childhood, it probably rolls unto adulthood and then it becomes more difficult to treat.

Providers needs to be able to identify children who are at risk of becoming obese and provide them with preventive methods. Teach the patients and their family members to avoid eating excess calories than what is needed to function daily. Discourage fast foods consumption, encourage walking or riding bikes to school so that complications from obesity such as sleep apnea, diabetes and asthma can be prevented. Provide them with written information on nutritional foods and the appropriate portion for consumption. Educate the parents on the correct exercise program and the caloric intake to maintain an ideal weight. Pharmacological management of obesity should be initiated mostly for those children who have a family history of commodities such as diabetes and cardiac issues. Since the combination of diet, exercise, and physiological and psychological factors are all important factors in the control and prevention of childhood obesity, primary prevention methods should be aimed at educating the child and family and encouraging appropriate diet and exercise from a young age through adulthood while secondary prevention should be targeted at lessening the effect of childhood obesity by preventing the child from continuing unhealthy habits and obesity into adulthood.

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