SOCY101 multiple choice questions

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SOCY101 multiple choice questions. easy questions. SOCY101 multiple choice questions. easy questions.SOCY101 multiple choice questions. easy questions.QUESTION 1 1. Which of the following best describes sociology as a subject? 1. The study of individual behavior 2. The study of cultures 3. The study of society and social interaction 4. The study of economics QUESTION 2 1. C. Wright Mills once said that sociologists need to develop a sociological __________ to study how society affects individuals. culture imagination method Tool QUESTION 3 1. A sociologist defines society as a group of people who reside in a defined area, share a culture, and who: interact work in the same industry speak different languages practice a recognized religion QUESTION 4 1. Who believed that the history of society was one of class struggle? • • • • Emile Durkheim Karl Marx Erving Goffmann George Herbert Mead QUESTION 5 1. Which of these theories is most likely to look at the social world on a micro level? Structural Functionalism Conflict Theory Positivism Symbolic Interactionism QUESTION 6 1. Who believed that the history of society was one of class struggle? Emile Durkheim Karl Marx Erving Goffmann George Herbert Mead QUESTION 7 1. Who coined the phrase symbolic interactionism? Max Weber Lester F. Ward Herbert Blumer W.I. Thomas QUESTION 8 1. Studying Sociology helps people analyze data because they learn: Interview techniques to apply statistics to generate theories all of the above QUESTION 9 1. Berger describes sociologists as concerned with: monumental moments in people's lives common everyday life events both 1 and 2 none of the above QUESTION 10 1. Evidence that is gathered through experience (experiment) and observation (replication) is 1. empirical evidence 2. common sense 3. traditional knowledge 4. supernatural knowledge QUESTION 11 1. Which of the following is true about the scientific method? 1. It is based on empirical evidence 2. It requires systematic observation 3. It strive to be objective, critical, skeptical, and logical 4. All of the above QUESTION 12 1. A measurement is considered ______ if it actually measures what it is intended to measure, according to the topic of the study. 1. reliable 2. sociological 3. valid 4. quantitative QUESTION 13 1. Which statement provides the best operational definition of “childhood obesity”? 1. Children who eat unhealthy foods and spend too much time watching television and playing video games 2. A distressing trend that can lead to health issues including type 2 diabetes and heart disease 3. Body weight at least 20% higher than a healthy weight for a child of that height 4. The tendency of children today to weigh more than children of earlier generations QUESTION 14 1. Which person or organization defined the concept of value neutrality? Institutional Review Board (IRB) Peter Rossi American Sociological Association (ASA) Max Weber QUESTION 15 1. Which materials are considered secondary data? Photos and letters given to you by another person Books and articles written by other authors about their studies Information that you have gathered and now have included in your results Responses from participants whom you both surveyed and interviewed QUESTION 16 1. What research method did John S. Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd mainly use in their Middletown study? Secondary data Survey Participant observation Experiment QUESTION 17 1. Which statement illustrates value neutrality? Obesity in children is obviously a result of parental neglect and, therefore, schools should take a greater role to prevent it In 2003, states like Arkansas adopted laws requiring elementary schools to remove soft dri nk vending machines from schools Merely restricting children’s access to junk food at school is not enough to prevent obesity Physical activity and healthy eating are a fundamental part of a child’s education QUESTION 18 1. The terms _________________ and ______________ are often used interchangeably, but have nuances that differentiate them. 1. imperialism and relativism 2. culture and society 3. society and ethnocentrism 4. ethnocentrism and xenocentrism QUESTION 19 1. The American flag is a material object that denotes the United States of America; however, here are certain connotations that many associate with the flag, like bravery and freedom. In this exa mple, what are bravery and freedom? 1. Symbols 2. Language 3. Material culture 4. Nonmaterial culture QUESTION 20 1. Rodney and Elise are American students studying abroad in Italy. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. When Rodney’s host br other introduces himself and kisses Rodney on both cheeks, Rodney pulls back in surprise. Where he is from, unle ss they are romantically involved, men do not kiss one another. This is an example of: 1. culture shock 2. universalism 3. ethnocentrism 4. xenocentrism QUESTION 21 1. The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for ca n be explained by: 1. inguistics 2. Sapir-Whorf 3. Ethnographic imagery 4. bilingualism QUESTION 22 1. Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society: Establishes leaders Determines language Regulates behavior Determines laws QUESTION 23 1. Your 83-yearold grandmother has been using a computer for some time now. As a way to keep in touch, you frequently send emails of a few lines to let her know about your day. She calls after every email to respond point by point, but she has never e-mailed a response back. This can be viewed as an example of: 1. cultural lag 2. innovation 3. ethnocentricity 4. xenophobia QUESTION 24 1. The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture? 1. Counterculture 2. Subculture 3. Multiculturalism 4. Afrocentricity QUESTION 25 1. Modern-day hipsters are an example of: 1. ethnocentricity 2. counterculture 3. subculture 4. high culture QUESTION 26 1. Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies? Hunter-gatherer Industrial Agricultura Feudal QUESTION 27 1. According to Marx, the _____ own the means of production in a society. proletariat vassals bourgeoisie anomie QUESTION 28 1. The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers? Max Weber Karl Marx Émile Durkheim Friedrich Engels QUESTION 29 1. Mary works full-time at an office downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor’s house. She’s just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities? Role strain Self-fulfilling prophecy Status conflict Status strain QUESTION 30 1. Émile Durkheim’s ideas about society can best be described as ________. functionalist conflict theorist symbolic interactionist rationalist QUESTION 31 1. Socialization, as a sociological term, describes: 1. how people interact during social situations 2. how people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values 3. a person’s internal mental state when in a group setting 4. the difference between introverts and extroverts QUESTION 32 1. The Harlows’ study on rhesus monkeys showed that: rhesus monkeys raised by other primate species are poorly socialized monkeys can be adequately socialized by imitating humans food is more important than social comfort social comfort is more important than food QUESTION 33 1. How did nearly complete isolation as a child affect Danielle’s verbal abilities? 1. She could not communicate at all. 2. She never learned words, but she did learn signs. 3. She could not understand much, but she could use gestures. 4. She could understand and use basic language like “yes” and “no.” QUESTION 34 1. Chris Langan’s story illustrates that: 1. children raised in one-parent households tend to have higher IQs. 2. intelligence is more important than socialization. 3. socialization can be more important than intelligence. 4. neither socialization nor intelligence affects college admissions. QUESTION 35 1. Which of the following is a manifest function of schools? 1. Understanding when to speak up and when to be silent 2. Learning to read and write 3. Following a schedule 4. Knowing locker room etiquette QUESTION 36 1. What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level? Children develop the ability to have abstract thoughts. Morality is developed by pain and pleasure Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral. Parental beliefs have no influence on children’s morality. QUESTION 37 1. What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers into morality had overlooked? The justice perspective Sympathetic reactions to moral situations The perspective of females How social environment affects how morality develops QUESTION 38 1. Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem solving? Wealthy parents are socializing their children toward the skills of white-collar employment. Wealthy parents are not concerned about their children rebelling against their rules. Wealthy parents never engage in repetitive tasks. Wealthy parents are more concerned with money than with a good education. QUESTION 39 1. When a high school student gets teased by her basketball team for receiving an academic award, she is dealing with competing ______________. 1. primary groups 2. out-groups 3. reference groups 4. secondary groups QUESTION 40 1. What is a group whose values, norms, and beliefs come to serve as a standard for one's own beh avior? 1. Secondary group 2. Formal organization 3. Reference group 4. Primary group QUESTION 41 1. Which of these is an example of a total institution? 1. Jail 2. High school 3. Political party 4. A gym QUESTION 42 1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucracies? Coercion to join Hierarchy of authority Explicit rules Division of labor 1. Coercion to join 2. Hierarchy of authority 3. Explicit rules 4. Division of labor QUESTION 43 1. What are some of the intended positive aspects of bureaucracies? 1. Increased productivity 2. Increased efficiency 3. Equal treatment for all 4. All of the above QUESTION 44 1. Which of the following best describes how deviance is defined? Deviance is defined by federal, state, and local laws. Deviance’s definition is determined by one’s religion. Deviance occurs whenever someone else is harmed by an action. Deviance is socially defined. QUESTION 45 1. A student has a habit texting on his cell phone during class. One day, the professor stops his lecture and asks him to respect the other students in the class by turning off his phone. In this situation, the professor used __________ to maintain social control. Informal negative sanctions Informal positive sanctions Formal negative sanctions Formal positive sanctions QUESTION 46 1. The manifest reason societies practice social control to maintain ________. formal sanctions social order cultural deviance sanction labeling QUESTION 47 1. According to social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur where? A community where neighbors don’t know each other very well A neighborhood with mostly elderly citizens A city with a large minority population A college campus with students who are very competitive QUESTION 48 1. According to the concept of the power elite, why would a celebrity such asJ ustin Bieber commit a crime? Because his parents committed similar crimes Because his fame protects him from retribution Because his fame disconnects him from society Because he is challenging socially accepted norms QUESTION 49 1. Which of the following situations best describes crime trends in the United States? Rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing. Rates of violent crimes are decreasing, but there are more nonviolent crimes now than ever before. Crime rates have skyrocketed since the 1970s due to lax corrections laws. Rates of street crime have gone up, but corporate crime has gone down. QUESTION 50 1. Social stratification is a system that: ranks society members into categories destroys competition between society members allows society members to choose their social standing reflects personal choices of society members QUESTION 51 1. What factor makes caste systems closed? They are run by secretive governments. People cannot change their social standings. Most have been outlawed. They exist only in rural areas. QUESTION 52 1. What factor makes class systems open? They allow for movement between the classes. People are more open-minded People are encouraged to socialize within their class. They do not have clearly defined layers. QUESTION 53 1. Structural mobility occurs when: an individual moves up the class ladder an individual moves down the class ladder a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes a member of a family belongs to a different class than his or her sibling QUESTION 54 1. The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification: is an outdated mode of societal organization is an artificial reflection of society serves a purpose in society cannot be justified QUESTION 55 1. When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers: must labor alone, without companionship do not feel connected to their work move from one geographical location to another have to put forth self-effort to get ahead