Participation Rates of the Population Aged 25 to 64 by Educational Attainment and Sex, 2012 Women by% Men by % Less than high school 47

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Participation Rates of the Population Aged 25 to 64 by Educational Attainment and Sex, 2012 Women by% Men by % Less than high school 47.5 73.5 High school graduates, no college 65.3 81.2 Bachelor's degree 78.2 90.9 Master's degree 82.1 90.9 Professional degree 83.0 93.1 Doctoral Degree 83.0 93.5 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor. (2014). Women in the Labor Force: A Databook Report 1049, Table 8, http://www. bls.gov/cps/wif-databook-2013.pdf, accessed November 14, 2014 QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER 1. Why do you think perceptions are so pervasive and persistent that women do not work or are uncommitted workers when they do work? Do you know women who are uncommitted workers? Do you know men who are uncommit- ted workers? Do you know women and men who are highly committed workers? Consider similar questions about perceptions of women and men as incompetent. 2. Negative perceptions about the competence of women who are mothers were evident in the research and the court cases discussed in the chapter. What fac- tors contribute to these negative perceptions? 3. Carefully review the comparisons of workers' access to flexible schedules by race, ethnicity, and sex in Table 10.2. What clear differences exist? 4. What are some possible reasons for state-subsidized K-12 and college education but not child care in the United States compared with other developed nations?