Annette Priesman ENG100 Persuasive Research Assignment Task: Write a persuasive researched argument on the topic of your choice (remember: some topics are off limits)

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Annette Priesman ENG100 Persuasive Research Assignment Task: Write a persuasive researched argument on the topic of your choice (remember: some topics are off limits). Do research on your topic and include your findings in your essay. You will need to cite a minimum of 5 sources, two of which should be scholarly sources. Your essay should have a clear thesis and provide sufficient support for your claims. Carefully consider your argument’s audience, purpose, ethos, logos, and pathos. This paper should be 8-10 pages in length (this page requirement does not include the work cited page(s). Purpose: At this point in the semester, you should have a clear understanding of how language constructs the world, and you are now asked to explore an issue of your own choosing. You must also draw on your knowledge of rhetorical appeals to efficiently construct your own argument for a specific audience and a particular purpose. Mechanics: Your essay should follow MLA style. Remember to keep your margins to one inch. You need to include a works cited page at the end of your essay that provides the citation for the minimum 5 sources you are citing. Please provide correct in-text citations as well, and be sure to introduce any quotations accurately. If you have questions about style or grammar, remember; we will be work-shopping every draft for ideas and feedback, and you may also conference with me in my office. Audience: Your audience for this assignment consists of your classmates and your instructor. Assume that your audience has general knowledge about your topic but is unfamiliar with the specific information you will have found in your research. Due Dates: Please see your Course Schedule for the due date. Note: NO extensions will be given for this final paper. Tutoring: Writing is a process. You are required to meet with the course tutor (first draft; worth 2.5% of your grade for this assignment) and a tutor in the Writing Center (second draft, worth 2.5% of your final grade for this assignment). Grading: In grading this assignment, I shall focus primarily on how well you construct your argument. Are you successfully addressing your audience? Do you provide enough background information on your topic? Do you provide enough evidence for each of your claims? Have you found current, relevant sources to include in your argument? Do you set out to prove a thesis/main claim? Do you point out and refute counterarguments? Do you make use of the rhetorical appeals? Finally, I shall take into consideration the mechanics of your essay. Surname 1 Name Professor Course Date Why Parents Should Encourage Their Children to Read Reading is vital not just because of school but also because of today's business world, where much communication is done through email and text-based messaging services. As a result, the skill to understand and converse effectively is critical and should be taught at a young age. Besides that, learning for fun has many advantages for kids as they progress through school or parenthood. Children who learn for fun performed better not just in their vocabulary and grammar, but in mathematics, according to a survey of over 17,000 individuals who recorded their study habits or academic achievement as children. The relation was four times stronger than among children whose parents had earned university degrees. Reading is amongst the most critical skills for kids to acquire to be effective. According to the publisher Merga from Edith Cowan University, reading ability is not always beneficial academically, but it is necessary for long-term success (Merga 67). Learning expands one's vocabulary, improves one's attention span, and helps one think more critically. Reading with children at home from a young age is essential for instilling good study habits in kids. One's child will discover the pleasures of learning by interacting with one often, which will enable him or her to grow a desire to read. Each student, on the other hand, discovers and uniquely processes knowledge. This suggests that certain children are born with a natural desire to read, while others Surname 2 are not. Due to low national test scores in Hawaii, adults should encourage young children to read because it strengthens the brain, reduces stress, and increases vocabulary. How Reading Strengthens Young Childrens’ Brains Learning how to read is indeed a long-term development that requires creating various psychological or linguistic skills, such as fluency, precision, and phonemic knowledge. Learning how to read is a mediator and a product of many other developmental stages, including cognitive development. These abilities occur before reading fluency and are developed as one proceeds to learn. White and gray matter varies in the brain as it matures. The gray matter capacity declines, and white matter increases slightly between childhood and teenage years. This serves as a regional basis and is spatially specific since gray matter capacity decline occurs earlier in much more developed brain areas and later in taxonomically newer models. Cortical thickening, mainly on the left side of the brain, involves various lengths of time. Language regions follow a distinct developmental trend, with cortical thickening occurring somewhat later than those in the parietal and frontal lobes' more dorsal areas. These variations indicate differences in ultimate capacity and myelination affected by environmental and genetic factors and describes brain elasticity throughout growth. Regionbased trends of cortical growth and development have been related to overall cognitive ability, specific brain abilities, and ability learning in observational imaging. These results provide essential consequences in the sense of learning or literacy. However, precise associations between reading skills and concurrent functional brain structures in kids are still unknown. Surname 3 Provided that behavioral experience influences cortical growth and development, IQ, and learning during development and that certain brain areas are possibly more important than others in knowing how to read, a student's reading design that incorporates brain growth and development is essential. Only a few imaging research studies have looked into the connection between brain function and literacy skills in kids. Decreased gray matter amounts in bilateral temporalis and right hemisphere superior temporal areas have been recorded in cross-sectional surveys of affected readers. A longitudinal analysis of younger children indicates that the better thickening of posterior prefrontal brain regions results in better phonemic skills. The parietal lobe cortex has been linked to learning, considering its position all along the visual pathway and its trend of stimulation during reading activities. White matter and learning have been linked in DTI findings, with higher anisotropy and broader white matter collagen fibers in the temporoparietal and prefrontal areas being related to good reading. A study employed by several credible researchers of longitudinal functional magnetic fields imaging to see whether improvements in brain size in reading-related brain areas are linked to reading success in younger children (Houston et al. 347). The results revealed that changes in volume inside bilateral canonical learning areas were correlated with more effective reading-related abilities. How Reading Relieves Stress in Young Children Stress is a natural part of existence and can also be beneficial. In dangerous circumstances, it's a person's main line of defense, and several of the impacts of stress are Surname 4 helpful, like sharpening one's awareness and releasing adrenaline. However, stress is supposed to be impermanent. Excessive or persistent anxiety may be harmful to one's well-being, influencing their thoughts, behavior, and feelings. Kids, as well as adults, typically experience stress. Levels of stress in kids are increasing and can be challenging to say when such stress levels are too much for one's kids. Obesity, systemic inflammatory, and hypertension are all symptoms of stress, which can be bodily and also mental. Severe or prolonged tension in kids can harm their wellness for the rest of their lives, causing brain changes in structure that increase nervousness, alter emotions, and impair memory and intellectual capacity. The great news is there are strategies for dealing with stress and teaching kids how to manage it. Learning has a significant responsibility to reduce stress, improve emotional and psychological health in children, teach compassion, and enhance communication. What Can Cause Stress in Children Stressed grownups and children appear to be the rule rather than the exclusion these times. They, too, are stressed by various factors. Peer influences, bullying, abuse, and the need to 'fit in' at school are examples that can cause stress in children. To make matters worse, children typically have to balance their hectic schedule in school, home, and extracurricular activities, leaving them with less leisure time and enjoyment, which is essential for stress reduction. Selfimposed performance pressure, particularly in school and sports, are other aspects that can result in stress. Children are impressionable; therefore, what they watch on television, may make them feel scared or exposed. Significant life changes, such as illness or loss of a spouse, breakup or family problems, observing depressed parents, or school and home displacement, are significant Surname 5 concerns for kids. In addition, inadequate sleep often leads to increased stress and a reduced ability to cope with anxiety. How to Recognize when Children are Stressed Since children are often unable to understand their emotions or know when they're anxious, parents must lookout for signs of severe or intense stress. Changes that occur, such as depression, frustration, anxiety, and behavior changes, involving screaming, angry outbursts, or negative dreams, are common symptoms. Headaches, stomach problems, insomnia, and fatigue are among the physical issues. Changes in how children interact with social circumstances may occur, and how they engage in family or even other events are vital to take note of. How Reading Helps in Reducing Stress Learning for pleasure appears to have fallen by the wayside in recent times, with computer games, tablets, book-to-movie adaptations, and classwork taking precedence. For children who are stressed, however, reading is an excellent form of self-relaxation. According to (Canfield et al. 1305) recent research conducted by Mindlab Global at Sussex University, learning in as little as 1 hour per day lowers blood pressure and anxiety by 60% or even more. That is 300 times better than taking a stroll and 700 times better than playing computer games! When children read, they are taken away from their uncertainties. Learning changes one's level of awareness by provoking the mind, stimulating inspiration, and bringing out one's concentrations into focus. Learning can assist children in better understanding their psychological health and learning to deal with their emotions. Surname 6 On the other hand, an interesting counterargument proposed by opponents is that reading too much fiction can have negative consequences, and librarians can help prevent them. Karen Dali, who works at the Western University in Canada, asserts in a passionate and at times exaggerating tone that librarians should have the ability to distinguish those who should not receive book recommendations as a form of therapy. Dali utilizes a variety of information regarding the topic along with examples to support her central argument. For instance, Dali points out that someone who decides to read books about heartbreak after they experienced heartbreak will not benefit them (Dali 1). While, on the one hand, Kali makes valid points throughout her article, one must take into account that identifying those who are too involved in reading is not an easy task for librarians, and they are supposed to recommend books to readers as a part of their job. In addition, the majority of the time, reading is an excellent way to get rid of stress since it offers people a chance to escape from reality for a while. How Reading Helps in Increasing Vocabulary in Young Children Words have a lot of influence, and having a large vocabulary will give young people many benefits. Effective vocabulary growth is linked to improved career, education, and health results. Parents who read articles aloud to their young children benefit their child's vocabulary growth significantly. This allows them to possess a wider variety of words to choose from. According to a study, kids that cannot participate in reading activities seem to be at a loss. Adults must read to their kids if they want them to have an extensive vocabulary and express themselves effectively. Increasing a kid's language is indeed a good investment in his or her life. Benefits of Reading Aloud Surname 7 Since childhood, speaking words and phrases have been linked to higher math and reading accomplishment and more substantial power to control behavior. Intensive reading and associated language comprehension abilities are also connected to vocabulary. Regular interactions provide a significant portion of a kid's vocabulary. Reading aloud with others could provide a helpful management stream of inspiration vocabulary for kids and communicate themselves. According to research, childrens' textbooks offer access to a broader language than child-directed discussions (Merga 47). Many people have been frustrated by the inability to find a phrase needed to articulate a concept better or a desire at a particular stage. When kids speak or read, they use their language to create word choices to improve their expression's comprehension and precision. Aside from vocabulary, reading comprehension has many other advantages. Reading enables children to gain focus, excellent effective listening, and improved brain development. According to new studies, children whose parents read to them while young are less prone to developing hyperactivity. Children that are in danger of having difficulty with reading can be particularly vulnerable. When children are studying English as a second language are taught in English, they will have more critical comprehension skills. Reading aloud to one's kid is an excellent way for them and their kid to spend time together. It can also improve parent-child relationships while also encouraging reading participation, both of which are important if parents want their kids to take advantage of becoming proficient learners. A critical study written by several assistant professors' from Ohio State University in 2019 reveals the alarming difference in vocabulary and reading development among children who read at home versus those who do not. Astonishingly, Jessica Logan, a member of Ohio Surname 8 State's Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, asserts that children who read even a little each day can increase their vocabulary by approximately 290,000 words (Ohio State University). Sadly, in contrast, children who are low income had a word gap of over 30 million words compared to those associated with higher incomes. On a more positive note, the professors revealed that the gap is closing and is almost completely closed. Overall, this study expresses why parents need to access reading material and have their children read books appropriate for their age. How Can Parents Optimize Vocabulary Growth for their Child? Teaching method approaches, like offering meanings for words and phrases, can help boost vocabulary growth. When one reads to their children and comes across a new term, they should stop and ask children if they know what that word means. If they're still uncertain, they should repeat the word once again to see if the word appears in a way that provides valuable hints about its meaning. If they don't still understand, parents should provide their kids with a description so that they can continue with the reading. Recent research discovered that pointing, presenting explanations, and asking certain questions might help create vocabulary when reading together. Recent studies by several credible researchers showed that when children were taught to use either straightforward strategies or a more immersive storytelling strategy, they gained almost equal improvements in vocabulary (Dore 27). The parent reading the article to the kid introduced background detail, which increased the kid's interest and engagement in the article. Having heard the same narrative many times would also help them. If at all practicable, parents should incorporate several of the Surname 9 vocabulary words into future conversations. This will help their children remember new words by increasing their exposure to them. Albert Einstein advised parents that "If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales" (Rodale). Indeed, the value of learning cannot be overstated, as Albert Einstein acknowledged. People want their children to be happy as adults. They need them to achieve their goals, be the individuals they desire, and be trained. It all begins with instilling good behaviors in one's kids, like reading. Reading is an essential aspect of a kid's learning process. Here are some of the most important reasons to inspire one's children to learn. Reading Improves Childrens’ Comprehension Reading skills are developed as a result of reading. Young children who demonstrate a love of books at an early age quickly understand learning content and knowledge received outside of school. Reading helps children sharpen their brains so they can understand better and interpret the world surrounding them. Reading improves intelligence, which enhances their reasoning skills. Reading Improves Concentration and Memory Concentrating on a narrative is an ideal way for young children to improve their memory and attention. It allows children remain organized while also enhancing their memorizing abilities. When reading a novel, it's essential to pay attention to information like characters, background, history, and plot. When children read, they instinctively try to recall these facts as they piece together the whole story and comprehend its significance level. Surname 10 Reading Fosters a Child's Imagination and Creativity It is true how books allow people to travel, fly, and discover without leaving their homes. It enables people to visualize who they would like to be, meet different friends, and travel to other countries they had no idea existed. Reading allows children to construct a conceptual image based on the experiences they are reading. They are compelled to dream and think beyond fact while reading books, which is excellent training for increasing imagination and creativity. Reading Helps Kids Perform Better Academically Reading books or other resources to children in their early years will help them do better in school. Young kids become much more open to new experiences, more imaginative, and more oriented on academic as well as other things as they explore various stories. Reading improves children's cognitive knowledge and enables them to do well in school, and provides them with the ability to learn valuable life lessons like compassion and kindness. According to Erin Schreiner, from Bowling Green State University and a writing teacher at a middle school in Ohio, reading more contributes to success academically and higher income in the future. Even though most researchers identified that there is a correlation between test scores and reading, Schreiner’s study did not come up with this result, however, Schreiner still provides plenty of information in support of the positive correlation between reading and test scores (Schreiner). Conclusion To support one's kid to excel in school, parents must ensure that he or she enters with a solid background in vocabulary and literacy-related skills, as well as a willingness to read and write. One's kid will begin learning how to read in the early school grades, from first to third Surname 11 grade. This is a complicated process that is challenging for most and straightforward for others. Parents must be careful not to exaggerate the learning process to write while motivating their kids to talk often throughout these years. Reading for fun and pleasure will aid in the development of reading ability and provide opportunities for one's kids to exercise these abilities in significant ways. Surname 12 Works Cited Canfield, Caitlin F., et al. "Beyond language: Impacts of shared reading on parenting stress and early parent–child relational health." Developmental psychology 56.7 (2020): 1305. Dali, Keren. "On the Dangers of Reading." RA News. Dore, Rebecca A., et al. "The parent advantage in fostering children's e-book comprehension." Early Childhood Research Quarterly 44 (2018): 24-33. Houston, Suzanne M., et al. "Reading skill and structural brain development." Neuroreport 25.5 (2014): 347. Merga, Margaret K., and Saiyidi Mat Roni. "Empowering parents to encourage children to read beyond the early years." The Reading Teacher 72.2 (2018): 213-221. Merga, Margaret Kristin. "Read aloud to your children to boost their vocabulary." The Conversation (2019). Ohio State University. "A 'million word gap' for children who aren't read to at home: That's how many fewer words some may hear by kindergarten." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 4 April 2019. . Rodale, Maria. “In Defense of Fairy Tales.” HuffPost, HuffPost, 6 Dec. 2017, www.huffpost.com/entry/in-defense-of-fairy-tales_b_6939288. Schreiner, Erin. “The Correlation Between a Student's Time Spent Reading & Test Scores.” The Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey, 10 May 2019, www.theclassroom.com/correlation-spent-reading-test-scores-6129398.html. Brandi Lorenzo ENG 100 Annette Priesman April 4, 2021 1. Ohio State University. "A 'million word gap' for children who aren't read to at home: That's how many fewer words some may hear by kindergarten." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 4 April 2019. . Summary The article “A 'million word gap' for children who aren't read to at home” by Ohio State University explains the gap in vocabulary and reading development in children who are read to at home and those who aren’t. Children who read at least one book have shown an increase in their familiarity with words. Jessica Logan, a member of Ohio State's Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy says children who read even as little as once a day can increase their vocabulary by roughly 290,000 words. Logan also explained that their results of the study showed that kids being read to once a week compared to 5 times a day have a minimum of a onemillion-word gap. These findings were found to be more reasonable than a study done in 1992. That study suggested that poor children had a word gap of over 30 million words compared to children not raised into poverty. However, Logan and her team concluded that that gap is closing and is almost nonexistent. In conclusion, Logan says that it is easy for parents to access reading material for their children and should expose their children to age-appropriate books. Evaluation The article was written by Ohio State University in 2019, making this an updated and creditable source. To prove this source is creditable, it is on a study done by assistant professors from Ohio State University. They were able to acquire data and information to prove their findings. This source is a secondary source because the original study is cited at the bottom. The intended audience for this article is parents of young children. It proves that reading can increase vocabulary in children and explains how parents can contribute to it. The source of the article is Ohio State University but the author is Jeff Grabmeier. He is a journalist who covered the study done by Jessica Logan, lead author of the study and assistant professor of educational studies at The Ohio State University and her team on vocabulary development in children. He, himself is not a scholar in the specific field studied however he interview Logan who is. She was able to explain her research and provide facts to support his article. For the reader, it is a trusted article because it is supported by a study conducted by Ohio State University. Critique The main purpose of this article is to inform parents and others that reading to your child can improve their vocabulary by 290,000 words per one book a day by the time they reach the age of 5. The author demonstrates ethos, logos, pathos to explain how reading can increase your child’s vocabulary. He uses ethos by using direct data from the study done by Ohio state. He also uses pathos by appealing to parents of young children. The message is for parents to read more to their children, and it is supported by Jessica Logan, the lead author of the Ohio State study. Lastly, he uses logos by using language that is easy for almost everyone to understand. He does a good job of explaining the study in short article that is not offensive or difficult to understand. There are no words that are unfamiliar to the target audience. The article displays accurate and updated information regarding studies done on developing children and how to increase their vocabulary using ethos, logos, and pathos. Response The argument the article talks about is that parents who read to their children increase their vocabulary by almost one million words compared to those who do not. I agree with the studies done by Ohio State University on children who are read to by there parents. The study says that reading to your child once a day until they are 5 years of age can improve their vocabulary by 290,000 words. I also agree that kids will be able to pick up reading skills more easily if they are read to at a younger age. Lastly, I agree with parents being able to use resources to gain access to age-appropriate books for their children to expose them to a wider vocabulary. The article may be short but includes all the information needed to provide a good understanding of the study being done. Research Plan I shall use this source to support my point that to support my point that Hawaiian parents should encourage children to read because it builds vocabulary for higher test scores. 2. Schreiner, Erin. “The Correlation Between a Student's Time Spent Reading & Test Scores.” The Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey, 10 May 2019, www.theclassroom.com/correlation-spent-reading-test-scores-6129398.html. Summary The author, Erin Schreiner, writes the article to explain the correlation between reading and test scores. She explains that increased time in reader leads to academic success as well as high income in the future. Teachers are setting more time aside to encourage reading for their students because it will lead to higher test scores. Erin mentions an organization called; Reading is Fundamental. This organization explains that reading can help children develop important critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Children who read are improving their basic knowledge of phonics which is an important step to being a reader. Students should apply these skills often to become an advanced reader. She also goes on to say there are different types of reading, and the most common one is called Silent Sustained Reading or SSR. This type of reading occurs when teachers set aside time during the day for independent style reading. This time spent conducting independent reading is linked directly to test scores because it helps improve overall reading skills. In the next section it talks about the effect of reading. It discusses how leisure decreased which led to a decrease in reading test scores. With the significant decrease, teachers should encourage students to read since it will help them in the long run. The benefits from reading include increase vocabulary. Independent reading allows children to build their vocabulary by 15 new words each day. Lastly, the author explains considerations people must take regarding reading studies. Though many people have found that test scores are related to reading there has been a controversial study done. The findings of the study showed no relation to overall time reading and reading achievement. Though the study had differing results, the authors of the study concluded that reading is useful. Evaluation Even though the article was published in 2019, the studies within the article are roughly from 2000 to 2007. The information is still accurate because it explains how independent reading has been on a steady decline. The article was found on an education website that shares articles about academics making it a secondary source. The intended audience for this article would be parent because the website that sources this article is a family website intended to find information regarding schools and colleges. The other targeted audience is teachers because the information in the article explains how teachers should encourage independent reading and its benefits. The information gathered for evidence by the author are from scholarly source. One of which includes the University of Minnesota. The argument within the article is greatly supported by the authors resources making her trustworthy. The author, Erin Schreiner, holds a bachelor's degree from Bowling Green State University and is currently a writing teacher at a middle school in Ohio. With that information, readers can further trust the information provided by the author in this article. Critique The purpose of the article is to show the correlation between test scores and reading while proving evidence to support that claim. The author, Erin Schreiner, can support her claim with pathos through the language and tone of the article, logos through the layout of information, and ethos through her personal experience as a teacher and her sources. Erin’s language throughout the article is easy to understand and does not confuse the reader. Her tone seems calm and formal throughout the piece as well. Even though she is proving a point, she does not do it in a harsh way. The information she provided in the article is easy to follow because of how she constructed her piece. She gave specific sections like function, types, and benefits of reading. It is constructed in a logical manner to explain the importance of reading and how it directly correlates to test scores. Lastly, Erin demonstrates ethos with her personal experience as a writing teacher. She can see the direct relation between reading and test scores on her own students. The sources she uses also make her trustworthy on the subject because they all provide valuable data to support her claim. Response Erin explains the benefits of independent reading to support that it can increase test scores. I can agree with her argument for many reasons. When she talks about the functions of reading, I think it is important for the reader to understand that basic phonics is learned through reading. Those basic phonics help students better their fluency, critical thinking and problem-solving. Reading improves skills like these are needed in everyday life. I also agree with the concept that reading is an important skill and it should be practiced to become better at it. Teachers should encourage their students to read more independently in class. The use of studies done by places like the University of Minnesota to support her claims helped trust her word and agree with it more. Research Plan I shall use this source to support the connection between test scores and reading to support the arguments in my thesis. 3. Dali, Karen. “On the Dangers of Reading: NoveList.” EBSCO Information Services, Inc. | Www.ebsco.com, 1 Aug. 2014, www.ebsco.com/blogs/novelist/dangers- reading#:~:text=However%20exaggerated%20(or%20ridiculous)%20this,or%20loss%2C%20an d%20generalized%20exhaustion. Summary The article On the Dangers of Reading written by Karen Dali the effects reading fiction can have on an individual. She explains that reading is not bad all together because you can still benefit you for learning. She explains how librarians enforce reading as a bibliotherapy because of their own passion for reading, but reading can have many dangers still. Karen goes on to explain the stereotypes associated with someone who read often. Expressing the high level of eye strain as well, she notes a lot of physical effects reading can have on the body. After, she begins to list the psychological effects reading can have on people because it makes them step away from reality. When people are heavily involved in books for emotional relief, they neglect their reality and solving their issues. Things like time for chores are not the only thing Karen explains becomes a psychological danger but, she says how reading certain books can twist your view of reality. If you read something about a cheating spouse, then you are more likely to perceive your life in that way. It can also be seen with how people sympathize with characters of books to an extreme. This blend of fiction and reality when reading is supported by Better Than Life by Pennac. As explained in the section titled “Implications for Librarians”, Karen says they should not recommend books as if they are therapists. Book should not be an escape for people with mental health issues. In the end, she explains that librarians should raise red flags awfully specific genres of books people ask for. This is so they can become aware of what they recommend to people who may stray from reality and live it through books. Evaluation The article was written in 2014 by Karen Dali. The source is categorized as an online article found on EBSCO. The information used throughout the article is accurate based on the request for dangers of reading. Since this is an article and it uses support from other authors, it is a secondary source. The intended audience for this article would be introverted readers and librarians. The explanation of the dangers of extensive reading is directed towards introverted readers, but the precautions of book recommendations is directed towards librarians. Karen Dali, the author, works at Western University in Canada and is researching bibliotherapy for librarians funded by the ALA. She has authority to speak on this because she works for a University and is creating a bibliography on bibliotherapy. She also has a bibliography for the article that helps support her claims on the issue. Due to her knowledge about the subject and her use of reliable sources she is trustworthy on the topic. Critique The main purpose of the article is to explain the dangers of extensive reading of fiction and how librarians can help prevent it. By using information from sources to prove her reasoning she uses logos. She quotes authors who have come to the same conclusions that reading can cause psychological distress on people. The way she exaggerates some of the information and is passionate about the topic displays her use of pathos. She explains that she is exaggerating some of the information in one section to express the level of concern people should have towards reading. She believes it is a matter that should be taken seriously and for that she gains the emotional appeal of the audience. With her use of logical information used to support her claims, her knowledge of the topic and that information is used to support her ethos. All together she has been able to be logical throughout her argument, appeal to the emotions of the readers, and be a reliable source for this information. Response The argument stated in the article is that a lot of reading can have many dangers, and librarians should be able to identify those who should not need book recommendations as a form of therapy. I agree with the author that reading and believing what you read can alter your reality. It is important to separate the line between fantasy and reality before it can cause psychology effects on the brain. I also agree reading is for intellectual benefits but disagree that it should not be used to feel better. She explains that reading books about a heart break after you are heart broken will not help. I feel like the stress relief reading has is important to break away from reality from time to time. I also disagree that librarians should be able to tell when people are too involved in reading. I feel like it is extremely hard to tell, and all their job is to recommend books to all readers. Research Plan I shall use this source to support my point that reading reduces stress, and I will use it as my counter argument paragraph in my essay. I'm not sure if I have any more appointment slots open before your assignments are due... but you can come to visit me during my office hours (right now and tomorrow morning) and please visit the Writing Center here: https://windward.hawaii.edu/services-for-students/tutoring/ka-piko/writing-center/ I requested access to leave comments on your paper... there are some things that you need to change. Here are a couple of things that stuck out to me: . I don't see your thesis statement... this statement should be the very last sentence of your introduction. • The second paragraph should be your nod to the opposing argument article that you found in your research that you will shoot down. • The rest of your paragraphs are confusing and need to be organized to support your points that you decided on in your clustering. Your paragraphs so informative right now instead of argumentative. • Please format to MLA format. When you visit the Writing Center, you can bring up these points. Remember to refer to the assignment, example, and tips for the RP in Laulima and Professor Priesman's emails, including important information.