1) Please limit your answers to a minimum of 50 words to 250 words

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1) Please limit your answers to a minimum of 50 words to 250 words.  Remember 50 is the minimum.  

1. How is the justice and reconciliation process different than justice systems that you have read about?

2. Are there any criminal justice practices from this weeks readings that we should adopt in the US? 

3. Please describe the Nigerian criminal justice system and what challenges exist for decreasing crime? 

4. What are the effects of colonialism on some of the criminal justice practices in Africa?

 

Note: The theory and practice of criminal justice in Africa (READ PAGES (pdf) 39-52 AND Chapter 4 (57-80))

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2) Please do a short response (100 words each) to these discussions (Must be original response)

Discussion 1 (Dawson)

In the zodiac killer's case, the results weren't necessarily correct. In the video, Kim Rossmo personally believed that the case was focused on the San Francisco area. However, according to their new software system, this was a case around the Vallejo area. The true identity of the zodiac killer has never been caught; however, some believe it to be Gary Francis Poste is actually the serial killer. This methodology helps connect a series of crimes to develop a pattern and find where the offender may live.

The case that I found where geographic profiling was used was the case of the Green River Killer. Between 1982 and 1998, they found 48 bodies along the Green River in Washington State. Investigators then mapped out the locations of similar-style killings and victims. This created a pattern that displayed two clear clusters which would have been where the killer was living. They ended up convicting Gary Ridgway and found that his place of work was within one of those clusters. This makes sense because he admitted that he would often kill after work. That being said, it is clear that geographic profiling did indeed help find a resolution in this case.

Here is the link to the article I found. That Time GIS Stopped a Serial Killer - GEO Jobe (geo-jobe.com)

Discussion 2 (Justin)

In the case of the Zodiac Killer, the results did not point to the correct killer, the suspect thought to be the killer was ruled out by forensic evidence which is hard to overturn. The methodology of geographic profiling when used correctly can help narrow down the list of suspects based on where crimes were occurring, from that information it can result in a close subset of suspects that could be the killer.

The Suffolk Strangler case was a case that applied geographic profiling. The case took place in late November 2006 in a little town called Ipswich Suffolk, where a man named Steve Wright was going around stalking and strangling sex workers. He was caught a month later in December 2006 but had already killed 5 women aged between 19-26 years old. Geographic profiling did help catch the killer as he had a pattern of where and who he would target and kill. All of his victims were sex workers killed in the red light district. Based on this information and pattern with some partial DNA left on the scene they were able to narrow down his location to a house just outside the red light district and arrest him just one month after the first crime had occurred.

References:

https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/steve-wright-suffolk-stranglerLinks to an external site.

https://www.ipswichstar.co.uk/news/crime/steve-wright-ipswich-murders-15-years-on-8559260

Discussion 3 (LaNae)

I believe that geographic profiling is an important tool when it comes to accessing crime and is important for all law enforcement members. It’s amazing to see some of the technology that has developed to help solve crimes. From my perspective, in the video provided, Dr. Rossmo mentioned that when it came to using geographic profiling in the case of the zodiac killer when inputting the data necessary, they had to consider the differences between what the area was like then, what it was at the time the profiling was being completed as the results could not give as an accurate of a prediction. The value of using geographic profiling is to analyze crime location and an offender’s residence. So again, from my perspective, I could see where using geographic profiling in older cases would not be as productive. In the case of the Zodiac Killer, the geographic profiling results did not help catch the killer.

A case where geographic profiling did come in handy was in the capture of Gary Ridgway, also known as the Green River Killer, in 2001. Gary took the life of 48 women with a history of prostitution. When bodies started showing up, law enforcement first looked at the information and data they did have and matched it to the same offender. They then started to map out locations where bodies were found and information about where the victims were taken from. From this, law enforcement started to see clusters of activity, and in Gary’s case it was an area that was well populated, and the other more residential. The investigators, in this case, used spatial information and psychology that allowed them to have a better understanding of where to canvas, and it ultimately led up to his capture. In the article (listed below), they brought up how Gary admitted to looking for victims before and after work, and that he would dispose of the victims near where he lives, so he could revisit them. Where geographic profiling worked, Gary had noticed the increased police canvassing in his routine movements, that he started to place bodies outside of his comfort zone to throw investigators off his trail.

Article:

https://geo-jobe.com/mapthis/that-time-gis-stopped-a-serial-killer/

Discussion 4 (Reilly)

In the zodiac killer's case, the results did not point to the correct killer, because they still haven’t found the person responsible for it. In the video, it says that they believe one of the suspects, Arthur Lee Allen was responsible for the murders, bur forensic alibis ruled him out multiple different times. Geographic profiling adds a lot to the investigation. It helps investigators predict where the suspect lives based on where each of the crimes was committed, it shows where the suspect felt most comfortable hunting for victims, killing, and hiding the bodies.

The case I am choosing to study is Gary Ridgeway, also known as The Green River Killer. He evaded police for nearly twenty years until he was finally put away because of fingerprint DNA linking him to several of the scenes. In this case, they were able to figure out that Ridgeway’s place of work fell right in the center of the murders when they were all mapped out. They also found that Ridgeway was almost always three to four miles outside of his home or place of work when he was hunting for victims. Ridgeway was a very well thought out killer, as he spent nearly all of his time hunting the perfect women, luring them away from their comfort areas and killing them, then disposing of their bodies. I noticed that he also gave a lot of details during his interviews that set him up for failure in the long run. Seeing his disposal sites mapped out was very interesting as well, because he dumped several bodies at each site, that way he could remember where they were located, and so it was easier to tell if the bodies had been found or not. Overall, geographic profiling proved to be very beneficial in this case, because it showed all of Gary Ridgeway's tendencies when it came to his murders.

https://gis.smumn.edu/GradProjects/NeldnerR.pdf

Discussion 5 (Yatzari)

In the case of the zodiac killer, the points of the serial killers were accurate for the most part, but that serial killer is smart! I was not aware of this serial killer I did not know who he was. I searched up some videos of what he did and well I would say he was a weird kind of serial killer. He would leave nothing left behind no evidence nor scars on people nothing at all! He would communicate with the cops by code which I think that is super interesting because they still to this day can not find how what it says. Pretty much the case was about a serial killer going around killing people they thought the serial killer was stalking people at first, but after watching the short clip it said that he was not stalking his victims and that he might have just lived close to where he would kill people. I did a research on another serial killer his serial killer name was the " killer clown". His real name was John Wayne Gacy I would say that the geographic profiling was implemented correctly because there were a lot of people missing. As well as cops saw a lot of kids going into the serial killers' house. There were also some eyewitnesses but they did not want to say anything because the killer clown would threaten the lucky people who he would let go and it took a long time for someone to finally say something. They then investigated his house and when a cop showed up he said "it smells like death". Then the cops searched his house and found that there were so many dead bodies! There was also a confession which would have to be the three geographic profiling.