question archive A rod that is attached to a 12-V battery is dipped in a 200-g of water
A rod that is attached to a 12-V battery is dipped in a 200-g of water
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A rod that is attached to a 12-V battery is dipped in a 200-g of water. As a result, the energy from the battery warms the water. The water increases its temperature by 20 C to 40 C in 5 minutes, and the current that runs through this circuit equals 5 A.
a) Find the thermal energy of the system, EThermal.
b) Find the electrical energy of the system, EElectrical.
c) Compute the ratio EThermal/EElectrical and calculate the % error.
d-f) Repeat a)-c) for the case in which the temperature of the water increases from 40 C to 60 C in 4 minutes and the current is raised to 6 A.
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Step-by-step explanation
(a) Thermal Energy = mc(T2 -T1)
= 200 ×10-3×4.184×(40 -20)
Thermal Energy = 16.736 Joule
(b). Electrical Energy = Voltage × current × time
Electrical Energy = 12 × 5 × 5/60
Electrical Energy = 5 Joule
(c) Ratio = 16.736/5
= 3.3472
(d) Ethermal = 200×10-3×4.184×(60-40)
= 16.736 Joule
EElectrical = 12 × 6×4/60
= 4.8 Joule
Ratio = 16.736/4.8
= 3.486
