which nutrients were absorbed by capillaries in the small intestine?

Carbohydrates , amino acids and lipids

The small intestine is the part between the stomach and the large intestine of the gastrointestinal tract where most of the food processing takes place. The absorption of nutrients and minerals present in food is the primary feature of the small intestine.

Intestinal villus: An illustration of the villus' simplified structure. Above the capillaries that are connected to a blood vessel, a thin surface layer exists. The lacteal is enclosed in the capillaries. By a mechanism of diffusion, digested nutrients migrate through the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine. There is simple columnar epithelial tissue lining the inner wall, or mucosa, of the small intestine. The mucosa is structurally covered by wrinkles or folds called plicae circulares, which in the organ wall are permanent characteristics. They are different from the rugae, which are non-permanent characteristics that allow for contraction and distention.

Near its surface, each villus has a network of capillaries and fine lymphatic vessels called lacteals. Villi epithelial cells carry nutrients into these capillaries (amino acids and carbohydrates) and lacteal nutrients from the lumen of the intestine (lipids). The ingested substances are transmitted to various organs of the body via the blood vessels where they are used to create complex substances, such as the proteins that our body needs. Through the broad intestine, the food that remains undigested and unabsorbed moves. The majority of the nutrients in the jejunum are absorbed, accept the following;

• water and lipids that are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine
• fructose is absorbed by facilitated by diffusion
• iron is absorbed in the duodenum
• vitamin B12 and bile salts that are absorbed in the terminal ileum
• sodium bicarbonate is absorbed by active transport and glucose and amino acid co - transport