Explain how a molecule of sugar, from a piece of bread, that a person eats enters the bloodstream.

 

All parts of the body need energy to work. This energy comes from the food we eat. Our bodies digest the food we eat by mixing it with fluids (acids and enzymes) in the stomach. When the stomach digests food, the carbohydrates (sugar and starch) in the food break down into another type of sugar, called glucose. The stomach and small intestine absorb glucose and then release it. into the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, glucose can be immediately used for energy or stored in our bodies, for later use.

Step-by-step explanation

Here are some important steps that you should know how to finally get the glucose molecules into the bloodstream

Swallow

The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract. Immediately after the first bite of food, the digestive process begins. When the process of chewing food into smaller parts, the salivary glands will produce saliva to help refine food. In addition, saliva also contains enzymes that begin to digest carbohydrates into smaller quantities so that they can be absorbed by the intestines.

The tongue will then push the smooth food back of the mouth into the esophagus or esophagus. Peristalsis of the smooth muscles then carry food to the stomach.

Digestion of the stomach

The stomach, which looks like a pouch, has strong muscular walls surrounding it. Besides accommodating food, the stomach also functions as a destroyer and smoothener of food. The stomach will produce acids and enzymes that will continue the process of digesting food. Out of the stomach, the food will have a liquid texture or resemble a soft paste which then moves to the small intestine. In the stomach, the process of protein digestion begins.

Digestion and absorption in the small intestine until it enters the bloodstream and becomes stool.

When measured, the small intestine is about 6 meters long and consists of three parts, namely the duodenum, the empty intestine (jejunum), and the absorption intestine (ileum). In it, food will be processed again with digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas, small intestine wall, and bile from the gallbladder. The three of them will work together to complete the digestion of food into small units that can be absorbed into the intestinal blood vessels.

Digestive enzymes will chemically break down complex food molecules into simpler ones, then the bile helps the mechanical digestion process which breaks down fat into smaller particles. When food passes through the duodenum, the digestive process is complete. The next process is absorption.

The absorption of food generally occurs in the small intestine of the jejunum and ileum. There are many folds or what is known as the intestines (villi). Villi have the function of expanding the absorption surface, so that food can be absorbed more efficiently.

During the absorption process, food molecules will enter the bloodstream through the intestinal wall. Microscopic blood vessels or capillaries in the villi will absorb digestive products in the form of protein and carbohydrates, while lymph vessels in the villi will absorb fat. after that, here the glucose will start to enter the bloodstream, bringing the digested food to the liver. The liver cells will then filter out harmful substances in the blood. The liver will also store fat-soluble vitamins as well as excess nutrients, such as glucose, to be stored as reserves. How much glucose the liver exports to the blood is under hormonal control and you will quickly find that glucose itself regulates its concentration in the blood.

Then Most of the food waste that cannot be digested or absorbed and water will enter the large intestine. The large intestine consists of six parts, starting from the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and ending with the rectum. The peristalsis will then push the stool into the rectum until it is expelled through the anus. So that is the complete process of how the glucose molecules are produced and then enter the bloodstream and finally become a stool