Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the end in own words

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Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the end in own words.

 

The vitality of any teaching, or historical movement, depends upon what it affirms rather than upon what it affinns rather than upon what it denies, and its survival and continued power will often mean that its positives are insufficiently regarded by opposing schools. The grand positives of Bentham were benevolence and veracity: the passion for the relief of man's estate, and the passion for truth. Bent ham's multifarious activities, pursued without abatement to the end of a long life, wee inspired by a "dominant and al-comprehensive desire for the amelioration of human life"; they wee inspired, too, by the belief that he had found the key to all moral truth. This institution, custom, this code, this system of legislation does it promotes human happiness? Then it is sound. This theory, creed, this moral teaching does it rightly explain why virtue is admirable, or why duty is obligatory? The limitation of Bentham can be gauged by his dismissal of all poetry (and most religion) as "misrepresentation, this is his negative side. But benevolence and veracity are Supreme Values, and if it falk to one of the deniers to be their special advocate, the believers must have long been drowsed. Bentham believes the Church teaches children irsincerity by making them affirm what they cannot possibly understand or mean. They promise, for example, to fulfill the undertaking of their god---parents, that they will renounce the devil and all his works, the pomps and vanity of this wicked world" etc. The Devil" Bentham comments: " who or what is he, and how is it that he is renounced?" Has the child happened to have any dealings with him? Let the Archbishop of Canterbury tell us, and him further explain how his own "works" are distinguished from the aforesaid "Pomps and Vanity". What king, what Lords Temporal or Spiritual, have ever renounced themi (Basil Willey)

 

Questions

 

(a) What does the writer mean by the following expressions: Multifarious activities, amelioration of human Life, it is sound, be their special advocate, Renounce the devil, drowsed, gauged, aforesaid.

 

(b) What is Bentham's philosophy based upon

 

(c) What according to the writer is Bentham's limitation? Teaches children insincerity?

 

(d) In what context has the Archbishop of Canterbury been quoted i.e is he praised or condemned?