Examine the following sentences and lexical rules from Japanese (Japonic: Japan)

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Examine the following sentences and lexical rules from Japanese (Japonic: Japan). Note that Japanese has no articles like English a or the. Assume the tense suffixes are part of the verb and the case markers are part of the noun they attach to.

Lexical rules:

TV → {mitta, yonda, sikatta}

SV → {itta, omotta}

N → {Mary, John, sensei, kodomo, hon}

Morphological rules:

 

1. Attach -ga to the NP daughter of S.

2. Attach -o to the NP daughter of VP.

 

1. John-ga yukkuri Mary to hon-o / John-NOM slowly Mary with book-ACC read-PST / 'John slowly read the/a book with Mary.'
2. Mary-ga kinoo John-o mit-ta / Mary-NOM yesterday John-ACC see-PST / 'Mary saw John yesterday.'
3. Mary-ga sensei-ga kinoo kodomo-o sikat-ta omot-ta. / Mary-NOM teacher-NOM yesterday child-ACC scold-PST think-PST / 'Mary thought that the teacher scolded the child yesterday.'
4. Mary-ga kinoo sensei-ga John to hon-o yon-da it-ta. / Mary-NOM yesterday teacher-NOM John with book-ACC read-PST say-PST / 'Mary said that the teacher read the book with John yesterday.'

 

What are the S, NP, PP, and VP rules?

 

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