INSTRUCTIONS: Provide what is being asked. No erasures allowed.

I. Identification/Enumeration (2 pts. each)

1-4. Parts of constitution

5. Introduction of constitution

6-10. Kinds of law

II. Essay (10 pts. each)

1. Compare and contrast the constitutions existing during Malolos Congress and Spanish colonization. Explain your answer.

2. What is the significance of having a constitution for a country? Explain.

3. What are different methods of changing a constitution? Explain each.

3. Position Paper on Federalism

Objectives:

a. To be able to understand the concept of Federalism; and

b. To understand certain enduring issues in the Philippine society. Instructions: Students will a position paper stating what is their stand on the proposed implementation of federalism in the Philippine government.

Part I. Enumeration:

1-4.) Parts of the constitutions:

• Preamble
• Articles (or Seven articles)
• Amendments

5.) Introduction of constitution:

Preamble - states what are the goals and purposes of the government.

6-10.) Kinds of Law:

• Public law
• Constitutional law
• Administrative law
• Criminal law
• Process law
• Financial and tax law
• International law
• Private law (contains: civil law, commercial law, labor law, & international private law)

Part II and III is at the explanation.

Step-by-step explanation

II. Essay

1. Before comparing differences of the Spanish colonization constitution (Constitution of Biak-na-Bato) and Malolos Constitution, first I will tackle their similarities. The Biak-na-Bato constitution was drafted or based on the Cuban constitution by Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho. While the Malolos Constitution, titled as "The Political Constitution of 1899", was mirrored or based on the Spanish Constitution. Thus, both were spanish and had similar components. The Biak-na-Bato constitution had 3 major components, namely Supreme Council, Consejo Supremo de Gracia Y Justicia (Supreme Council of Grace and Justice), and Asamblea de Representantes (Assembly of Representatives). While, in contrast the 1899 Malolos Constitution contained 39 articles that were divided into 14 titles, having 8 transitory provision articles and a one final additional article. 

2.) The Constitution is defined as the set of foundational principles or precedents that are established in accordance to which a state or other organization is governed. In other words, it is the tool that determines the fundamental capabilities or powers of the government and its branches. It is very significant to a country because it establishes what the government and its constituents can do and cannot. It determines what is the limit of their duty and what are their responsibilities,  and how should they operate or govern. 

3.) The 3 methods of changing or amending the constitution are Constitutional assembly, Constitutional convention, and People's initiative.

Constitutional Assembly - utilizes amendments to the Constitution where decisions and votes of the congress change it as a single body.

Constitutional Convention - this type of method counts or requires a vote of  ? of all Congress members. 

People's Initiative - amendment are proposed by the people by establishing a petition of at least 12 percent of the total number of registered voters.

III. Position Paper

Prior to giving my side about Federalism in the Philippines and its implementation, defining it first is essential. Federalism is a form of Constitution or government that is composed of a central governing authority and constituent political units sharing sovereignty. With this, regions of the country have the capability to adjust solutions to problems in association to their specific geographic, cultural, social, and economical situation or setting. 

I stand by this type of Constitution because I think this is optimal for an achipelagic country like the Philippines. The country consists of around 7000 islands, which are separated into regions. Thus, there is a huge difference in cultural, geographical, and political aspects in various regions. Just like comparing the cultures present in Luzon and Mindanao. Therefore, it is right to give each region the power, funding, and support it needs to govern and solve problems within its domain. It is better that LGUs can make their move when faced in a situation rather than waiting or relying on a higher unit. Even though this kind of governance may spark competition between the regions, I think it is good, because it would drive each governing unit to strive for the improvement of their region.