I want a detail movement analysis of a person stepping on a 'step up' and back . The analysis should cover the following :

 

1. Type of movements and joints
2. name the axis and plane
3. range of muscle work
4. name the muscles producing the movement
5. type of muscle work
6. joint range
7. synergists/fixators/limiting factors

 

A. Step -up

1. Preparatory phase: The individual stands facing the step.  Weight transference onto the trailing lower extremity. The COP moves laterally and slightly backwards in anticipation of the forwards movement of the leading leg. Stiffening of the trailing LL to accommodate the full weight of the body.

1. Type of movements and joints : knee joint: flexion, hip joint: extension , ankle: dorsiflexion
2. name the axis and plane: both knee, hip and ankle joints are in X axis, sagittal plane
3. range of muscle work: knee flexion: (concentric), hip extension: (concentric), ankle dorsiflexion: (concentric)
4. name the muscles producing the movement and type: knee flexion: quadriceps (concentric), hip extension: gluteus maximus (concentric), ankle dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior (concentric)
5. type of muscle work: all joints are in static position
6. joint range: neutral hip extension, and 5-10 degrees of knee flexion, neutral ankle dorsiflexion
7. synergists/fixators/limiting factors: knee: gastrocnemius, ankle: anterior muscles of leg, hip: gluteal muscles

2 Swing phase - leading LL is lifted up onto the step

1. Type of movements and joints : knee joint: flexion, hip joint: flexion ,heel off: ankle plantarflexion -> dorsiflexion
2. name the axis and plane: both knee, hip and ankle joints are in X axis, sagittal plane
3. range of muscle work: knee flexion: (concentric), hip flexion: (concentric), ankle plantarflexion (concentric) -> dorsiflexion: (concentric)
4. name the muscles producing the movement and type: knee flexion: hamstrings, hip flexion: iiopsoas, ankle plantarflexion (gasrocnemius and soleus) -> dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior
5. type of muscle work: all joints are in dynamic position
6. joint range: 70-90 degrees of hip flexion, and 90 degrees of knee flexion, ankle plantarflexion of 30-40 degrees -> ankle dorsiflexion of -15 degrees
7. synergists/fixators/limiting factors: knee: gastrocnemius, hip: rectus femoris , ankle plantar: tibialis posterior , ankle dorsi: extensor toe muscle, anterior muscles of the leg ; limiting factors: lengthening of the opposite lower extremity (leg behind stepping leg)

3 The stance phase : The foot is lowered to the step (planted) and body weight is transferred forwards onto the leading lower extremity.

1. Type of movements and joints : knee joint: flexion -> extension , hip joint flexion -> extension , ankle: dorsiflexion
2. name the axis and plane: both knee, hip and ankle joints are in X axis, sagittal plane
3. range of muscle work: knee flexion: (concentric) -> extension (rapid isometric), hip flexion (concentric)-> extension: (rapid isometric), ankle dorsiflexion: (isometric)
4. name the muscles producing the movement and type: knee flexion: quadriceps -> extension: quadriceps, hip flexion: iliopsoas -> extension: iliopsoas, ankle dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior
5. type of muscle work: all joints are in dynamic position
6. joint range: neutral hip flexion -> extension (70-> 10 degrees), and 90 degrees of knee flexion -> 10 degrees of knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion of 15 degrees to neutral
7. synergists/fixators/limiting factors: knee: gastrocnemius and vastus muscles , hip: rectus femoris and gluteal muscles, ankle dorsi: extensor toe muscle, anterior muscles of the leg ; limiting factors: lengthening of the opposite lower extremity (leg behind stepping leg) moving from leg extension to flexion.

B.

Back up : Going back to starting position. This involves the same muscles, joints, movements but contraction type is in eccentric form / muscles being moved in in lengthened positions.

1. Type of movements and joints : knee joint: flexion, hip joint: extension , ankle: dorsiflexion
2. name the axis and plane: both knee, hip and ankle joints are in X axis, sagittal plane
3. range of muscle work: knee flexion, hip extension:, ankle dorsiflexion: ECCENTRIC
4. name the muscles producing the movement and type: knee flexion: quadriceps, hip extension: gluteus maximus, ankle dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior
5. type of muscle work: all joints are in dynamic position
6. joint range: 10-20 degrees of hip extension, and 50-70 degrees of knee flexion, neutral ankle dorsiflexion
7. synergists/fixators/limiting factors: knee: gastrocnemius, ankle: anterior muscles of leg, hip: gluteal muscles