1) "Seven Prima Facie Duties" select the two duties identified by Ross that you believe are most critical to law enforcement officers and their responsibilities to citizens. Provide the rationale for your choices.

2. Compare and Contrast at least two of the seven primary facie duties as outlined by Ross with the moral theories of Aristotle and Immanuel Kant.

 

1. Justice: - law enforcement officers must act in ways that promote fairness in their work. This includes ensuring that offenders are fairly and justly treated in arrest, responding to crimes, investigating and reporting crimes, gathering, and protecting evidence. Justice is important to achieve the law enforcement goals of rehabilitating offenders, preventing crimes, and moral support to the victims.
2. Non-maleficence- law enforcement officers are considered the first responders in a situation. The principle of non-harming or inflicting the least harm possible is essential to reach a beneficial outcome. The police officers should make ethical decisions to ensure that they do not harm the subject, whether intentionally or unintentionally.

In Aristotle Metaphysics, he argues that all human beings stretch towards knowing. This is similar to Ross's prima facie duty of self-improvement or all men by nature, desire to learn. Since all people by nature desire to learn, people should develop knowledge and skills from their experiences and others. Kant considered the duty of self?improvement as a wide, imperfect duty. He argues that humans have a duty to improve themselves but not others. On justice, William Ross was opposed to ideal utilitarianism's view that the only basic moral requirement is to promote intrinsic goods maximally. Ross believed that justice and promoting wellbeing are important to promote intrinsic values. Kant argues that all humans must be seen as inherently worthy of respect and dignity. Kant considered consequences such as pain or pleasure irrelevant.