Explain what these terms mean? [Any one person can explain one term (in around 300 words)

Subject:ManagementPrice: Bought3

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Explain what these terms mean? [Any one person can explain one term (in around 300 words).  Add to another person's explanation by all means, but tackle only one term per post]. I am providing links to explanations of these terms from the internet, so do not worry if all you are doing in your post is summarizing that information, as long as you use your own words (no cut-and-paste please).

Please write about 300 words

1. Consumer Price Index
2. Current Ratio
3. Dow Jones Industrial Average
4. LIBOR
5. P/E ratio
6. Market capitalization
7. ROE
8. Prime Rate
9. S&P 500
10. NASDAQ