Describe the differences between the R groups of amino acids located in the transmembrane domains and those located in the amino or carboxylate-termite of TRPV1. Describe the specific location in the cell where TRPV1 protein synthesized.

 

The differences between the R groups of amino acids located in the transmembrane domains and those located in the amino or carboxylate-termite of TRPV1 are: Transmembrane domains (TMDs) consist mostly of non-polar amino acid residues and may cross the bilayer once or many times. High-resolution structural knowledge is available for only a few integral membrane proteins, mainly because it is difficult to obtain membrane protein crystals that are sufficient for X-ray diffraction measurements.

The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1), also known as capsaicin receptor and vanilloid receptor1, is a protein that is encoded by the TRPV1 gene in humans. It was the first isolated member of the transient receptor potential of vanilloid receptor proteins that in turn, is a sub-family of the transient receptor potential protein community. This protein is a member of the transient receptor family of potential ion channels of the TRPV community.

TRPV1 receptors are located predominantly in peripheral nervous system nociceptive neurons, but have also been identified in many other tissues, including the central nervous system. TRPV1 is involved in the transmission and modulation of pain (nociception) as well as the incorporation of pain.

It tends to mediate the influx of protons and may be involved in intracellular acidosis in nociceptive neurons. Triggers a type of long-term depression (TRPV1-LTD) mediated by endocannabinoid anandamine in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens by influencing the endocytosis of AMPA receptors.

Step-by-step explanation

One of the most useful ways to classify regular (or common) amino acids is based on the polarity (i.e. the distribution of electrical charge) of the R group.

Transmembrane domains (TMDs) consist mostly of non-polar amino acid residues and may cross the bilayer once or many times. High-resolution structural knowledge is available for only a few integral membrane proteins, mainly because it is difficult to obtain membrane protein crystals that are sufficient for X-ray diffraction measurements.

TMDs typically consist of 5-007 helices. The peptide bond is essentially polar and can form internal hydrogen bonds between carbonyl oxygen and amide nitrogen, or any of these may be hydrated. Within the lipid bilayer, where water is effectively removed, peptides typically follow a helical configuration that maximizes their internal hydrogen bonding. The length of the helix of 18-21 amino acid residues is adequate to cover the normal width of the lipid bilayer.

The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1), also known as capsaicin receptor and vanilloid receptor1, is a protein that is encoded by the TRPV1 gene in humans. It was the first isolated member of the transient receptor potential of vanilloid receptor proteins that in turn, is a sub-family of the transient receptor potential protein community. This protein is a member of the transient receptor family of potential ion channels of the TRPV community. TRPV1 is a non-selective cation channel that can be activated by a wide range of exogenous and endogenous physical and chemical stimuli. The best known TRPV1 activators are: temperature greater than 43 °C (109 °F); acidic conditions; capsaicin (an unpleasant compound in spicy chili peppers); and allyl isothiocyanate, a pungous compound in mustard and wasabi. Activation of TRPV1 triggers a painful, burning sensation. Its endogenous activators include: low pH (acid conditions), endocannabinoid anandamide, N-oleyl-dopamine, and N-arachidonoyl-dopamine. TRPV1 receptors are located predominantly in peripheral nervous system nociceptive neurons, but have also been identified in many other tissues, including the central nervous system. TRPV1 is involved in the transmission and modulation of pain (nociception) as well as the incorporation of pain.

Ligand-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in the detection of dangerous chemical and thermal stimuli. It tends to mediate the influx of protons and may be involved in intracellular acidosis in nociceptive neurons. Involved in inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia mediation.Triggers a type of long-term depression (TRPV1-LTD) mediated by endocannabinoid anandamine in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens by influencing the endocytosis of AMPA receptors.