question archive You are given 1
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You are given 1.382 g of a mixture of KClO3 and KCl. When heated, the KClO3 decomposes to KCl
and O2,
2 KClO3 (s) → 2 KCl (s) + 3 O2 (g),
and 279 mL of O2 is collected over water at 22 °C. The total pressure of the gases in the collection flask is 742 torr. What is the weight percentage of KClO3 in the sample?
The formula weight of KClO3 is 122.55 g/mol. The vapor pressure of water at 22 °C is 19.8 torr.
% KClO3 = 64.7%
We can use the ideal gas law to solve for the number of moles that were produced and then use stoichiometry to relate this back to the number of grams of KClO3 that would be required to produce this amount of oxygen. When using the ideal gas law we need to subtract the vapor pressure of water from the total pressure of the gases because we need to work with the pressure of only oxygen, not the pressure of oxygen and water vapor. Also, when using the ideal gas law the volume must be in liters (so divide by 1,000), the temperature in Kelvin (so add 273), and the pressure in atm (so divide by 760).
PTotal = PH2O + PO2
742 torr = 19.8 torr + PO2
PO2 = 722.2 torr
722.2 torr x (1 atm/760 torr) = 0.950... atm
PV = nRT
n (PV)/(RT)
n = (0.950... atm x 0.279 L)/(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K x 295 K)
n = 0.0109... mol O2
0.0109... mol O2 x (2 mol KClO3/3 mol O2) x (122.55 g KClO3/1 mol KClO3) = 0.894... g KClO3
% KClO3 = (Mass of KClO3/Mass of Mixture) x 100
% KClO3 = (0.894... g/1.382 g) x 100
% KClO3 = 64.7%