Using any resources that you can find, identify the difference between nursing practice and advanced practice nursing. Support advanced practice nursing by identifying nursing theories that can be applied to advanced practice nursing.

 

To accomplish the same goal, RNs and APRNs work in concert: professional and compassionate patient care. Their roles in achieving this goal, however are usually different. RNs provide direct patient care as defined in the medical plan of a patient, while APRNs, along with other advanced practice providers, establish this patient care plan and supervise other medical staff, including RNs and medical assistants. In general, APRNs often have wider patient oversight, in that they often have a greater patient load than RNs and, depending on the medical environment, can have longer-term relationships with patients. APRNs in primary care settings, for example, can also act as the primary care provider for a group of patients, and can therefore operate for months, if not years, with a particular patient.

There were no known models in the field prior to Florence Nightingale promoting her environmental theory of nursing. Since then, numerous ideas have been advanced on how to provide the best model of treatment. Some of these and the women who created them, are more popular:

• 5 C's of Caring- As the basic principle, Sister Simone Roach developed a nursing philosophy focused on care. Her 5 Cs of Care form the core of her theoretical model: devotion, conscience, integrity, compassion, and trust.
• Unitary Human Beings- The "Unitary Human Beings," idea that therapy needs to concentrate on the symphonic connection between patients and their environment, which can be guided and redirected to enhance patient wellbeing, was introduced by Martha Rogers.
• Self-Care Deficit Theory- Dorothea Orem is responsible for the "Self-Care Deficit Theory," the underlying principle of which is that individuals should, as much as possible, be responsible for their own care, build an understanding of their potential health issues and apply self-care to enhance them.
• Transcultural Nursing- Madeleine Leininger created the "Transcultural Nursing," model, a more recent theory that sees empathic care as important to health and claims that the nurse must have congruent treatment in order to provide care.
• Theory of Caring- The Principle of Caring by Jean Watson, well-known in nursing schools, also views empathic care as the primary duty of the nurse, concentrating on ways to make a heart-felt bond with the patient to promote the process of healing.