question archive Learning Goal: To understand the meaning of the variables in Gauss's law, and the conditions under which the law is applicable
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Learning Goal: To understand the meaning of the variables in Gauss's law, and the conditions under which the law is applicable.
Gauss's law is usually written
where is the permittivity of vacuum.
How should the integral in Gauss's law be evaluated?
a) around the perimeter of a closed loop
b) over the surface bounded by a closed loop
c) over a closed surface
Over a closed surface.