General Items 1)Effective and academic word choice, grammar, usage and punctuation

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General Items

1)Effective and academic word choice, grammar, usage and punctuation.

2)Sentences that communicate both simple and complex ideas clearly without fragments and subject/verb confusion.

3.Evidence of proofreading, e.g., non-existent to minimal misspellings and odd errors.

4.Multiple paragraphs of varying lengths, from three to nine sentences.

5.Avoidance of personal pronouns, e.g., I, you, us, we, our, with the exception of the conclusion in which you may share a personal testimony or anecdote.

6.All quotes are introduced, presented in quotation marks and explained as well as cited in-text and in the Works Cited or References page.

7.All paraphrases are cited in-text and in the Works Cited or References page.

8.Transitions between paragraphs and among required sections of the paper.

9.At least two images with appropriate captions and relevance to the topic.

10.MLA or APA document style, i.e., all elements should be presented consistently.

11.Compelling and informative title in appropriate title case capitalization.

Introduction

1.One, clear paragraph containing:

a.Compelling quote, statistics, story and/or a combination of the aforementioned to capture the attention of your reader.

b.Discussion of the significance of the topic and your paper's approach to the topic, which may include questions, statements of strategy, and/or quotes/statistics.

c.Complete, clear and compelling thesis statement.

Background Information

1.Multiple paragraphs (typically between five and eight) of varying lengths in which you provide fact-based information necessary for your audience to understand your topic, such as:

a.Definitions of all key terms from the thesis.

b.Statistics, graphs and charts.

c.Historical context, events and chronology.

d.Legal decisions and political movements.

e.Important people/groups and places.

f.Geographical and demographic data/maps.

Note: All of the information must be cited from credible sources.

Argument

1.Multiple paragraphs (typically between eight and twelve) of varying lengths in which you present evidence, counterarguments and rebuttals in support of each part of your thesis, i.e., all of the claims you make in the first paragraph of the paper must be proven with credible evidence.

2.Note: Fewer paragraphs than eight usually indicates inadequate support of the thesis; however, this is not always true.

Conclusion

1.A minimum of two paragraphs in which you provide:

a.A clear restatement of the thesis, in new language, and a summary of the best evidence you presented to prove your thesis.

b.In the case you did not prove your thesis or found it lacking, you should discuss this here.

c.If relevant, a personal testimony or anecdote, which has its connection to your thesis explained well.

d.Recommendations for future research; additional questions to consider; calls to action; solutions to problems presented; and, any other materials deemed relevant to the topic and your thesis

Works Cited

MLA-formatted Works Cited or APA-formatted References page:

1.All sources organized alphabetically by author's last name, then title.

2.If there is no author, then alphabetical by the title.

3.A minimum of six book/eBook and/or database sources -- this number does not include the citations for the required images.

4.Citations for any image used in the paper.

Note: You may use as many sources in excess of the required number above. You may not use Wikipedia or about.com.

See these resources for additional support in preparing your research paper:

1.Writing a Research Paper

2.(APA style Sample)

3.(MLA style Sample)

 

Contemporary Social Issue By Nidia Cuellar-Matos ? Labor Conditions ? Unemployment ? Crime ? Poverty Statement of Problem and Significance ? Unemployment is the root cause of poverty and crime ? Addressing labor markets could reduce unemployment Unemployment ? No job or work place ? Causes:? Economy slow down ? Labor conditions ? Job mismatch ? Effects:? Personal ? Social ? Environments Poverty ? Impact:? Unemployment ? Poor Infrastructure ? Violence ? Family breakdown ? Illnesses Crime ? Causes:? Unemployment ? Poverty ? Drug Abuse ? Impact of Crime:? Individual ? Society ? Dealing with labor conditions could change the level of crime and poverty in a country. ? The state suffers from unemployment, which leads to a high crime rate and poverty in society. ? Mismatch contributes close to 90% of unemployment problems witnessed in countries. ? Reducing the level of unemployment will significantly reduce the levels of poverty and crime in the world. Works Cited ? Berk, Richard A., Kenneth J. Lenihan, and Peter H. Rossi. "Crime ? ? ? ? ? and poverty: Some experimental evidence from ex-offenders." American Sociological Review (2013): 766-786. Frederick, Sarah, James Jozefowicz, and Zackary Nelson. "A dynamic panel data study of the unemployment-crime relationship: the case of Pennsylvania." Economics Bulletin 36.3 (2016): 1497-1507. Reardon, Jack. "Defining unemployment..." Monthly Labor Review 134.7 (2011): 37-39. Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas, and Robert G. Valletta. "Unemployment: Lower for Longer?." FRBSF Economic Letter 21 (2019). Vaalavuo Maria. "Deterioration in health: What is the role of unemployment and poverty?." Scandinavian journal of public health 44.4 (2016): 347-353. Kim, Jiwoon. "Analysis on the Increase in Unemployment Rates Since 2014." KDI Feature Article (2018.11. 06) Eng (2018). Cuellar-Matos Nidia Cuellar-Matos Professor Junious English 102 28 April 2021 Contemporary Social Problems Introduction Even though the current world has developed and experienced significant growth in every sector across the globe, there exist immense social problems. Unemployment, poverty, and crime are some of the contemporary social issues that are affecting society. These three issues are interconnected because the manifestation of one aspect increases or leads to the other aspect and ends up making the living conditions of human beings unbearable. Unemployment is experienced when employees or skilled individuals who need to work cannot get jobs or create one for themselves because of low economic output. When one is unemployed, it means that they have less or no income to satisfy their daily human wants, which is poverty (Vaalavuo). Human beings are created to adapt to their surroundings and establish survival ways to try and satisfy their basic needs, such as food and shelter. Getting involved in illegal and criminal activities when one needs a source of income to meet their needs is one of the trends in the contemporary world. Unemployment The Bureau of Labor Statistics describes unemployment as individuals who do not have a workplace, have actively sought jobs in the last four weeks, and are actually available for work. The unemployment statistics also include workers who were briefly laid off and waiting to be 1 Cuellar-Matos called back to that role. BLS measures unemployment by way of periodic demographic polls called the Current Population Study. As part of the government's reaction to the Great Depression, it has been implemented every month since 1940. As a result, unemployment has fallen overwhelmingly to already vulnerable groups in society, such as low-income earners, and refugees recently arrived. Cause of unemployment Nationally, unemployment is caused as the economy slows down and, by rising payroll costs, businesses are forced to cut prices. The financial crisis of 2008 has triggered the worst joblessness since the 1980s. Competition can also contribute to unemployment, in particular in sectors or enterprises. Advanced technology, such as PCs or robots, induces joblessness by replacing employees ' jobs with computers. Impacts of unemployment The personal and social effects of unemployment include severe financial deprivation and poverty, debts, homelessness and housing pressures, family conflicts and breakdowns, loneliness, depression, guilt and stigma, increased social exclusion, violence, loss of confidence and self-esteem, atrophy of work skills and ill health (Akwara et al.). Besides, unemploymentrelated problems will result in unemployed being less safe, adding to health-related costs. Areas of high unemployment and socio-economic inequality can also experience higher levels of crime, instances with depression, and psychological issues. Poverty It is a situation or circumstance in which an individual or a society lacks financial and necessary services for a minimum standard of living. Poverty means the employment income is low; the basic human needs cannot be fulfilled. A situation in which the socially acceptable 2 Cuellar-Matos amount of money or material possessions is absent is poverty. Poverty is said to occur because citizens lack the means to meet their basic needs. Unemployment is a significant cause of poverty because when an individual has a stable source of income, they can meet their needs and live in a conducive setting. Impact of poverty All the potential consequences of poverty affect children's lives. Poor infrastructure, unemployment, lack of essential services, and wages are poverty. It also results in domestic and foreign violence, forced labor, all sorts of illnesses, family dissemination, lack of education, and turning to illegal and criminal activities for a source of income. There have been many reports recently of terror groups using violence and force to acquire income to run their lives and of their families (Gillani et al.). Crime This is an act that is unlawful and often punishable by the local government or the state, and in modern criminal law, crime does not have a universal and straightforward description. However, statutory explanations have been offered for different purposes. Nevertheless, in general, any act often committed intentionally and it is deemed to be socially dangerous, harmful, and declared prohibited as well as punishable by law is a criminal act. Causes of crime As much as the causes of crime are deemed to be complicated, unemployment, poverty, and even drug abuse are some of the potential reasons why individuals might engage themselves in criminal and unlawful activities. The environment one is brought up also plays a significant role in defining the character of an individual because a kid who grows up experiences abuse from his parents grows up knowing violence is the solution to most problems. Lack of food and 3 Cuellar-Matos other basics is one of the leading causes of crime in today's society as each person is striving to make a living out of each opportunity that dances their way (Berk et al.). Impacts of crime Apart from having drastic effects on an individual's life, such as experiencing psychological consequences such as depression, guilt, anger or fear, which contributes to flashbacks to the crime, sleeplessness as well as post-traumatic stress disorder. Crime also affects society in several ways as the economy is disabled due to the insecurity developed in individuals. Criminal acts usually increase with an increase in economic stress because individuals are facing a hard time getting their primary needs met. The contemporary social structure presents numerous challenges. For example, the exists the argument about contemporary morality and traditional morality – of good and evil. The stratification of the moral space into the traditional binary elements of evil and good has morphed to include normalcy in contemporary society. The creation of this critical intermediate category is critical to the process of defining and comprehending the society, social change, and the broader social-cultural aspect in today’s world. Identity is an intrinsic aspect of society. Diversity has become a vital aspect of numerous societies across the globe. The United States is an exceedingly, diverse society. It is affected by complex forces that are driven by a difference in race, class, gender, and religion, among other vital aspects. The concept has been presented in The Dew Breaker from various aspects that include politics and social morality with evidence of social turmoil and aspects such as abortion. Contemporary society reflects these variations and presents a critical element that is reflected in societal values and institutions such as leadership. Identity often drives stereotypes and plays a significant role in society on various critical levels of social interaction. 4 Cuellar-Matos Conclusion The current world is experiencing a lot of changes, where some are good, and others are bad, but the economy of a nation determines the peace and stability of the state. When the unemployment rate is very high in a particular country, the levels of poverty are expected to be also high as most people lack a source of income for their needs. Turning to criminal activities is often one of the viable solutions that the poorest and unemployed youths and adults will opt for regardless of the consequences. Therefore, a state should try as much as possible to ensure that most of its citizens, especially the youths, have a source of income because this is the primary source of idleness and poverty, which leads to high crime rates. 5