question archive A rabbit named Monti is infected with a viral pathogen, and the rabbit's immune system responds to the pathogen
A rabbit named Monti is infected with a viral pathogen, and the rabbit's immune system responds to the pathogen
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A rabbit named Monti is infected with a viral pathogen, and the rabbit's immune system responds to the pathogen. CD8+ T cells are then removed from the rabbit and tested for their ability to kill infected cells from different rabbit cell lines (Lines A, and B).
Results were: Monti's T-cells can kill Monti's own infected cells. Monti's T-cells cannot kill infected cells from Line A. Monti's T-cells can kill infected cells from Line B.
Explain why Monti's T-cells cannot kill infected cells from Line A rabbits, relating your explanation to T-cell development.
Note: Everything you need to answer the question is in the question! There is nothing wrong with Monti's T-cells or immune system. There is nothing wrong with the infected cells from the rabbit lines; they are infected and presenting the same viral antigens Monti's own infected cells are presenting. If Monti's T-cells can detect the viral antigens being presented by the infected cells (i.e., Monti's T-cells can detect if the Line A and/or Line B cells are infected) than Monti's T-cells should kill the infected cell.
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Cytotoxic T cells kill their targets by programming them to undergo apoptosis. When cytotoxic T cells are mixed with target cells and rapidly brought into contact by centrifugation, they can program antigen-specific target cells to die within 5 minutes, although death may take hours to become fully evident. Helper T cells are arguably the most important cells in adaptive immunity, as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses. They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells(Calistri, 2021).
Step-by-step explanation
o be recognized by a T cell, the antigen must bind a protein called the Major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Cytotoxic T cells recognize antigen bound to MHC protein type 1. [2] MHC not only aid in T cell activation, but it also has a vital role in the maturation of T cells in the thymus. Once activated by pAPCs, effector CD8 T cells can recognize any infected cell expressing MHC I loaded with its cognate peptide. This results in the killing of the infected cell and/or the production of antiviral cytokines both being important to control or clear viral infections (Rosen, 2014).
