Determine, according to generative grammar, whether each statement below is true (T) or false (F)

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Determine, according to generative grammar, whether each statement

below is true (T) or false (F). Circle or underline your answer.

1. The most important aspect of human language is that once children have attained a language,

They are then able to produce and understand an unlimited number of utterances.

T/F

2. Knowing a language is no different from using it because you can only use it as well

you know it. TIF

3. Children learn their native language mainly from the people around them in the ambient environment. THF

4. Parents could always help when children say something nonadult-like, such as Everyone are my friend, and this is how they learn the target language. THF

5. The article says that "Solar Bones’, a novel by Mike McCormack, is 270 pages long and was written in one single sentence. Is this possible? T/F

6. As far as language Is concerned, children's initial states are absolutely identical In contrast to their final states that are anything but the same.
Transcribe each underlined word into a phonemic form/ = / using

IPA symbols.

(Excerpt from Paul Simons, ‘We should be spared Beast from the East II’, Mar 4 2023, The Times)

April is the cruelest month, said TS Eliot, but March could run it a very close second. This is

supposed to be the start of spring, according to the meteorological calendar, but this March winter seems to have bitten back, as if making up for a largely mild winter. Chill winds are blowing and will grow colder despite the lengthening hours of daylight.

Perhaps Charles Dickens summed it up best in Great Expectations: “It was one of those March days when the sun shines hot and the wind blows cold: when it is summer in the light. and winter In the shade.”

Q6 - Q13 (.5) These are multipsyllabic words. Transcribe each into a phonemic form using IPA

symbois.

8. appropriate

9. simultaneously

10. enthusiastic

41. arachnophode

12. literatures
Explain why the transcriptions below are wrong. Be specific.

Sample: explain [iksp*Len)

There are two mistakes. First, the voiceless bilabial stop /p/ cannot be aspirated because it doesn't appear in a syllable onset position, which starts with the alveolar voiceless stop /-s/. Second, the second vowel is erroneous; instead of the use of the front low lax vowel /ze/, what is called for is the use of a diphthong fev, as in the word afe.

19. activity [ekaviei)

20. pleasure [pled 524]

Q21 - Q 22 (1 pts per) The following two questions are about some phonological rules. Read the specific instructions before answering the questions.

21. Transcribe the words underneath into phonetic forms and then provide an account for the articulations of the inflection -s of the data according to the phonological rules we ve learned.

a. crooks

b. economists

c. jobs

d. countries
e. riches

f. paradoxes

22. Da Wei, in seeking a job with the studio, was asked to read the sentence below slowly and clearly. An examiner found that his pronunciations with four words, which are underlined for you, were rather different, as shown below. Explain what went wrong with

Da Wei's speech in terms of the relevant phonological rules. }

Sentence: ‘The host treated his quests with smoked salmon cooked with alcohol as it

needed.’

treated [t*s1td]}

smoked (smoukd]

cooked (k*ukd]

needed [nidd]

Q23 (1 pt per) Transcribe the word below into a phonemic form and then create a syllable structure or syllable structures for it.

23. English
Read each sentence below carefully and then do the following to each boid-

faced word:

a) Demarcate the word into a root (R), a prefix (Pre), a derivational suffix (OS), or

an inflectional suffix (IS) and then name their syntactic categories

b) Provide an explanation, as shown In the sample

c) Yield to additional examples similar to the boid-faced

Sample. The Home Secretary said he hoped to let them have a decision soon.

[[decidehlv (sion}n}.

R DS

The root for decision is the verbal lemma ‘decide’. -sion functions as a derivational

suffix for two reasons: First, there is a categorial change, such that as a root ‘decide’ is

a verb but with the DS ‘-sion’ attached, the derived ‘decision’ is a noun. Second, semantically there is an alteration, albeit slight, with the verbal root denotating an action and the nominal denotating a state or a result of the relative action.

Ex: [[construct}v [ion]njw, [[form]v [ation]n}x

24. In support of the proposal to remove the prohibition on the sale of chocolates, ices and cigarettes in theatres, music halls and cinemas after 8pm, a deputation representing theatrical interests has put its case before Mr Shortt, the Home Secretary.

25. Paleontologists are the scientists whose primary research interest ConcemMs dinosaurs.
26. Peter inadvertently made a gaffe when he mildly suggested that the guest of honor had

bitten off more than she could chew.

 

27. Traneplants of human organs and of pig organs may seem like very different procedures,

but the problem of rejection is the central issue in both cases. (Rivka Gaichen, New Yorker,

Feb. 28, 2022)

 

28. One pioneer of hear-transplant surgery said, “We were excited about sewing in the heart.

which is quite a simple plumbing job. (Rivka Galchen, New Yorker, Feb. 28, 2022)

 

Q29 (.25 pt) From the below sentence from Terry Deary, ‘Wicked Words’, p. 35, identify 5 bound

 

morphemes and then name them (eg, cats: -s # IS (plural)}

 

29. These baggy trousers, gathered in at the knee, have nothing to do with knickers. A writer

called Washington Irving wrote stories of old New York and pretended that they were written

by an old Dutch settler - Diedrich Knickerbocker.
Q30 (.25 pt) Below are some of the neologisms at some point in the history of the English

language. Name each as an instance of what word-formation mechanisms.

30. a. bare-knuckle:

 

b. MEOS (mathematician early death syndrome):

 

c. turducken (turkey, duck, chicken):

 

d. hodgepodge: