In Bangladesh almost 70% people use railway system as common transport. Among them majority of the train commuters have to endure undesirable difficulties in collecting ticket as the existing railway ticketing system is severely engulfed by corruption. Up to now Bangladesh railway system has been using a manual ticket issuing system. This leads to long queue and wastage of time and corruption. So the train commuters have to experience difficulties when purchasing their tickets. An effective and secured solution to this problem is to automate the system. In most of the developed countries of the world there are automated ticketing systems based on smart card. Now-a-days this automation in ticketing system is very much obvious around the developing countries of the world. Our proposed system for Bangladesh Railway is low cost automated ticketing system using RFID card. If RFID cards are provided to train commuters as a step of Government, this will be easily accessible to passengers. Commuters have to be registered when collecting card. During registration passengers must provide their information regarding to address, name, age, profession. Then railway will give a unique password to them. The information of user including password, discount facilities and others are stored in the system. At the time of purchasing tickets when the card is touch to the ticking machine for a few millimeters from the reader, user id no and corresponding password is asked for matching to the system. If this information is verified, then the user can purchase ticket for desired destination. The screen of the machine on which user can feed all the information regarding date, time, arrival and departure stations will be appeared if the person is verified. On this display passenger can be provided with extra facilities to observe all the information about stations and trains. Touch screen display will be more convenient to user. When all the information will be given, sufficient amount will be deducted from the card. This information is stored in system. RFID systems are widely used for identification and security. 

SAD: SE-207          

1. List out functional requirements from the above case study. Pick out QUALITY ATTRIBUTES for the extracted services in the above mentioned system.

2. Follow the step by step procedure to draw detail class specification diagram for the given case study on basis of following diagrams: 

i. Use case diagram, also mention the include, extend and generalization relationships.

ii. Analysis class diagram

iii. CRC cards

iv. Sequence diagram for complex use cases

v. State machine for complex classes

Answer:

The following are the functional requirement of the case study:

• Every user information such as discount facilities, password, and other data need to be stored in a database.
• Modifying user details.
• Automatic payment generation facilities.
• Deleting user details.
• Verification registered user using a smart card and identify the balance of the RFID card. When it is sufficient the payment amount must be automatically removed or deducted from the RFID card. Otherwise, the users need to be promoted for the payment.
• For non-registered users' payment should be created and the payment must be accepted through the system. 

The description of the quality attributes for the extracted services in the mentioned system:

Manage user

Registration

Book customer tickets

Book tickets

Manage fare

The following is the Use case diagram:

Extend- It's an acceptable relationship between all the elements. There is a parent class without even a child class. 

Here admin extends to the manage fare and manages fare extends to the system.

Generalization- It's sort of a relationship. The parent class does not exist without any of its kind class. 

Here generalization between Admin, system, Ticket machine, and customer because they are sharing two or more than entities.

The following is the Analysis class diagram:

The analysis class diagram of this system which provides the interaction between the objects of passenger, train, railways administrator, ticket machine, database, and bank.

Here railway admin authenticates the passenger details, monitors the train, and controls the database. Train monitor the database. Passenger book the tickets. Ticket machine book and print the customer tickets and create a unique password.

The following is the CRC cards diagram:

The CRC card is a technical process of a single class. Every other card lists the names, attributes, and methodologies of the class (its duties) and the class connections (collaborations). The CRC design is the set of such CRC cards.

Using CRC cards is a simple adjustment to object-oriented research and design:

• Identify the classes.
• List Collaborators.
• List responsibilities.

The following is the Sequence diagram:

The sequence diagram of this system which provides the interaction between the objects of passenger, train, railways administrator, ticket machine, database, and bank.

Admin checks the availability tarin is available or not. Railway admin provides registration form. Ticket machine books customer tickets and creates a unique password. Database store information about password and other details.

The following is the state machine:

The state machine is commonly used to describe the state-dependent behavior of an object. The object reacts differently to the very same event depending on the state in which it is located. State machine models are widely applied to particles but can be implemented to any element which has actions to other enterprises such as subsystem systems, use cases, actors, methods, etc.

Step-by-step explanation

The following are the functional requirement of the case study:

• Real-time monitoring and location of properties inside MIMOS predefine departments.
• Automated property auditing and stock counting.
• Automatic vehicle and real-time resource movement and position monitoring.
• Automated warning and notification system for unauthorized movement of properties or status.
• Real-time monitoring of remote and high-value properties with real-time tracking, reporting, and security functionalities.

The description of the quality attributes for the extracted services in the mentioned system:

• Manage user-It can manage users or customers.
• Registration-It will register an account of the passenger.
• Book customer tickets- It can book tickets for the customer.
• Book tickets-The customer book the tickets.
• Manage fare-Adin manage the fare according to the destination or route.

References:

Easysoftcorp.com. 2020. RFID Requirements - Compliance Guides. [online] Available at: [Accessed 21 July 2020

2020. Class Responsibility Collaborator (CRC) Models: An Agile Introduction. [online] Available at: [Accessed 21 July 2020].

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