• Explain the difference(s) between deductive, inductive, and abductive arguments.

 

The deductive argument it is a set of statements that consist of a conclusion and the statement said by the arguer in order to lead to the conclusion, A deductive argument it is said to be sound valid and has true premises, and a conclusion of this kind of argument is necessarily true.

Example of this:

ALL HUMAN BEINGS ARE MORTAL

SOCRATES IS A HUMAN BEING

This examples from deductive arguments are valid, because the conclusion follows the premises, this statement are all true.

While the inductive argument this is an argument that is intended by the arguer to be strong enough that, if the premises were to be true, then it would be unlikely that the conclusion is false. An inductive argument can be affected by acquiring new premises or evidence, but a deductive argument cannot be.

Example of this:

The coin I pulled from the bag is penny. That coin is a penny. A third coin from the bag is a penny, Therefore, all the coins in the bag are pennies.

This kind of example of the inductive reasoning are more on logic, even if all the premises of inductive reasoning are all true, inductive arguments allows for the conclusion to be false sometimes.

The last one is the abductive arguments this is usually starts with an incomplete set of observations and proceeds to the likeliest possible explanation for the group of observation. It is based on making and testing the hypothesis using the best information that are available. It often entails making an educated guess after observing a phenomenon for which there is no clear explanation.

Example of this:

The person's sister may have brought by his niece and she may have torn up the papers, or it may have been done by the landlord, but the dog theory is the more likely conclusion.

Meaning this kind of example about the abductive arguments have no proper observation or valid evidences to come up with the conclusion.